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. 2023 Mar 31;15(4):1121. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041121

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Application of several GC×GC data pre(processing) methods: (a) retention time alignment approaches, adapted with permission from Ref. [123]. Copyright © 2023 by the authors; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, United States; and (b) chemometrics techniques, adapted with permission from Ref. [131]. Copyright © 2023 by the authors; Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands.