Table 1.
In vitro and in vivo studies evaluating AMPs activity against poultry-associated foodborne pathogens (nd—not determined; na—not applicable).
| AMP | Origin | Target (Gram) | Trial | Dosage | Effect | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 bacteriocins |
Paenibacillus polymyxa
B. circulans |
Campylobacter (−) | In vitro | na | Antimicrobial activity | [89] |
| Gallinacin-6 | Gallus gallus domesticus | C. jejuni (−), S. enterica (−), C. perfringens (+), E. coli (−) | In vitro | na | Antimicrobial activity | [93] |
| RSRP | Oryctolagus cuniculus—sacculus rotundus | E. coli (−) | In vivo | 0.1 mg of RSRP on d 7, 14, 21 and 28 | Immunomodulation; alteration of intestinal morphology |
[83] |
| AS7 | Carnobacterium divergens AS7 | C. perfringens (+) | In vivo | 200 AU/g of feed for 42 days | Improvement of growth performance; alteration of intestinal microbiota |
[94] |
| A-D-Asn | Pichia pastoris | - | In vivo | Basal diets with a A-D-Asn supplementation at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mL/kg | Improvement of growth performance | [76] |
| BT | Brevibacillus texasporus | S. Enteritidis (−) | In vivo | 24 ppm BT peptide-supplemented diet | Immunomodulation in neonatal poultry; antimicrobial activity (prophylactic protection against Salmonella infections) |
[81] |
| Nisin | Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis | - | In vivo | Diet supplemented with various concentrations of nisin (100, 300, 900 and 2700 IU/g) | Improvement of growth performance; modulation of the GIT microbial ecology |
[73] |
| CATH-2 | Chicken |
S. Enteritidis (−) S. Typhimurium (−) |
In vitro | na | Antimicrobial activity | [87] |
| A3 | Analog of Helicobacter pylori 2–20 | - | In vivo | Basal diet supplemented with 60 or 90 mg/kg AMP-A3 | Improvement of growth performance; alteration of intestinal microbiota |
[77] |
| P5 | Analog of hybrid AMP CA-MA | - | In vivo | Basal diet supplemented with 40 and 60 mg/kg AMP-P5 | Improvement of growth performance; alteration of intestinal microbiota |
[78] |
| Sublacin | B. subtilis 168 | C. perfringens (+) | In vivo | Chickens supplemented with sublancin at 2.88, 5.76 or 11.52 mg activity/L of water | Antimicrobial activity; alteration of intestinal morphology |
[92] |
| Lactoferrin (bLf) | Bos taurus |
E. coli (−) Salmonella (−) |
In vivo | Diets with 130, 260 and 520 mg bLf/kg feed during the starter stage | Alteration of intestinal morphology | [82] |
| Nisin | Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis | - | In vivo | 35-day administration of nisin at 2700 IU kg−1 through diet | Improvement of growth performance | [74] |
| Microcin J25 (Mcc) | Fecal strain of E. coli |
E. coli AZ1 (−) Salmonella CVCC519(−) |
In vivo | Basal diet with 0, 5 and 1 mg/kg Mcc J25 | Decrease in intestinal inflammation; alteration of intestinal microbiota; improvement of growth performance |
[70] |
| Nisin | Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis | - | In vivo | Administration of nisin in 2700 IU/kg via diet | Improvement of growth performance | [95] |
| cLFcuimera | Camel lactoferrin-derived peptide |
E. coli (−), S. Enteritidis (−), S. aureus (+) |
In vitro | na | Antimicrobial activity on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative avian pathogenic bacteria | [88] |
| cLF36 | Camel lactoferrin-derived peptide |
E. coli (−) Clostridium spp. (+) |
In vivo | 20 mg/kg AMP | Improvement of growth performance; immune modulator; alteration of intestinal microbiota |
[45] |
| Plectasin (Ple) | Pseudoplectania nigrella | - | In vivo | Basal diet supplemented with 100 and 200 mg Ple/kg | Immunomodulation | [84] |
| Ctx(Ile21)-Ha | Hypsiboas albopunctatus | S. Enteriditis (−) | In vivo | 20 and 40 mg of Ctx(Ile21)-Ha/kg were included in the diet for 28 days | Antimicrobial activity | [64] |
| 11 AMPs | Chemically synthesized | C. jejuni (−) | In vitro | na | Antimicrobial activity | [61] |