Table 1.
Study | N | Population | Race/Ethnicity | Agea | Gender | Intervention delivery mode |
Intervention duration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Randomized controlled trials | |||||||
Boutin-Foster et al., 201624 | 177 | African American or black adults with hypertension | 100% African American or Black | 57 (10) | 69% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 12 months of phone calls every other month |
Bradshaw et al., 200725 | 54 | Adults with type 2 diabetes | 92% White, 2% Hispanic, 0% Black, 4% Asian | 59 (11) | 65% F | In-person groups at diabetes center | 5 weeks of 90-minute meetings offered twice per week |
Celano et al., 202035 | 45 | Adults with heart failure and suboptimal adherence to health behaviors | 87% White | 71 (10) | 27% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | Initial in-person session plus 11 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
Chandler et al., 201547 | 28 | Undergraduate students | 75% White, 4% Black, 14% Asian, 4% Hispanic, 4% Other | NR | 100% F | In-person groups | 4 weeks of weekly in-person groups |
Emmons et al., 2003a26 | 192 | Undergraduate students | NR | NR | 73% F | Written exercises completed independently and turned in weekly | 10 weeks of weekly writing prompts |
Emmons et al., 2003b26 | 157 | Undergraduate students | NR | NR | 75% F | Written exercises completed independently and turned in weekly | 2 weeks of daily writing prompts |
Emmons et al., 2003c26 | 65 | Adults with neuromuscular disorders (e.g., post-polio, charco-marie-tooth, fascioscapulohumeral) | NR | 49 (NR) | 68% F | Written exercises completed independently and mailed in weekly | 3 weeks of daily writing prompts |
Huffman et al., 201938 | 47 | Adults with acute coronary syndrome and low health behavior adherence | 92% White | 61 (11) | 33% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | Initial in-person session plus 11 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
Huffman et al., 202036 | 60 | Adults with type 2 diabetes and low physical activity | 75% Non-Hispanic White | 64 (10) | 52% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 12 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
Jaser et al., 201448 | 39 | Adolescents with type 1 diabetes | 77% White | 15 (NR) | 51% F | Individual telephone calls | 8 weeks of phone calls every 2 weeks |
Joutsenniemi et al., 201427 | 3274 | Finnish community sample | NR | 42 (NR) | 83% F | Individual emails | 4 months of emails delivered every 4-5 days |
Kahler et al., 201544 | 66 | Community sample of smokers who want to quit | 81% White, 14% Black, 3% Hispanic, 5% Other | 46 (13) | 50% F | Individual in-person | 6 sessions over 7 weeks |
Kersten et al., 201628 | 58 | Undergraduate students | NR | 19 (NR) | 57% F | Individual in-person | 4 sessions over 2 weeks |
Lee et al., 201929 | 150 | Retired community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan | NR | 61 (7) | 79% F | In-person group sessions | 12 weeks of walking sessions with a trainer 3 times/week, plus 6 45-minute positive education group sessions |
Mancuso et al., 201230 | 258 | Adults in New York City with mild-moderate asthma | 54% White, 22% Black, 31% Latino, 24% Other | 42 (12) | 75% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 12 months of phone calls every other month |
Mann et al., 200145 | 40 | Women being treated for HIV | 35% Hispanic, 40% Black, 25% White | 39 (8) | 100% F | Individual in-person initial session with instruction to complete writing task at home | 4 weeks; instructed to write twice a week for 10 minutes at a time |
Moskowitz et al., 201731 | 159 | People who had received HIV diagnosis in the past 3 months | 21% Black, 21% Latino, 3% Latino/Black, 45% White, 8% Asian/Pacific Islander, 1% Amer Indian | 36 (10) | 7% F | Individual in-person and telephone | 6 weeks of weekly sessions |
Ogedegbe et al., 201232 | 256 | Black/African American adults with a diagnosis of hypertension | 100% Black | 58 (12) | 79% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 12 months of phone calls every other month |
Peterson et al., 201233 | 242 | Adults who recently underwent percutaneous coronary intervention | 81% White, 11% Black, 4% Asian, 4% Multiracial, 13% Hispanic | 63 (11) | 30% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 12 months of phone calls every other month |
Phillips et al., 201734 | 405 | Black or Hispanic adults with body mass index of 25-50 | 52% Black, 42% Hispanic, 5% Both | 48 (14) | 89% F | Individual in-person sessions | 1 year of sessions (weekly for months 1-3, biweekly for months 4-9, once monthly for months 10-12) |
Single-arm studies | |||||||
Celano, Freedman et al., 201839 | 11 | Adults with mild to moderate heart failure and suboptimal adherence to health behaviors | 90% White | 67 (11) | 40% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | Initial in-person session plus 9 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
Celano, Albanese et al., 201840 | 128 | Adults with an acute coronary syndrome and suboptimal adherence to health behaviors | 73% White | 63 (12) | 59% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | Initial in-person session plus 7 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
Celano et al., 201937 | 12 | Adults with non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes and suboptimal physical activity | 83% White | 59 (11) | 42% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | Initial in-person session plus 13 weeks of weekly 30-minute calls |
DuBois et al., 201642 | 15 | Adults with type 2 diabetes and suboptimal health behavior adherence | 100% White | 61 (7) | 58% F | Individual telephone calls plus written workbook | 7 phone calls; weekly for 4 weeks, bi-weekly for 6 weeks |
Hoeppner et al., 201943 | 30 | Adult nondaily smokers with current quit intention | 40% White, 43% Black, 17% Other, 7% Hispanic | 45 (14) | 27% F | Individual smartphone app | 3 weeks (1 week before and 2 weeks after quit day) of weekly sessions |
Millstein et al., 202041 | 8 | Suboptimally active adults at risk of developing chronic diseases | 85% White | 63 (4) | 100% F | In-person group walking sessions plus written workbook | 8 weeks of weekly 90-minute in-person group sessions |
O'Brien et al., 202046 | 134 | Higher education students in Ireland | NR | NR | 71% F | In-person group sessions (up to 150 students per session) | 2 90-minute sessions across 2 weeks |
NR = Not reported.
Age reported as M (SD).