Table 2:
The effects of statin usage on progression of clinical measures and MRI susceptibility.
| Change from baseline (SE) | P-value for change | Effect estimate (SE) | P-value for group difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDS-UPDRS-I | ||||
| Statin non-users | −0.6 (0.6) | 0.32 | Reference | |
| Statin users | 0.8 (1.0) | 0.42 | 1.5 (1.2) | 0.22 |
| Lipophilic statin users | −0.8 (1.2) | 0.50 | −0.2 (1.4) | 0.90 |
| Hydrophilic statin users | 4.2 (1.7) | 0.017 | 4.8 (1.8) | 0.010 |
| Hydrophilic v. Lipophilic | NA | 5.0 (2.1) | 0.020 | |
| MDS-UPDRS-II | ||||
| Statin non-users | −0.4 (0.8) | 0.66 | Reference | |
| Statin users | 1.8 (1.3) | 0.15 | 2.2 (1.5) | 0.14 |
| Lipophilic statin users | 1.0 (1.5) | 0.51 | 1.4 (1.7) | 0.43 |
| Hydrophilic statin users | 3.5 (2.2) | 0.11 | 3.9 (2.3) | 0.10 |
| Hydrophilic v. Lipophilic | NA | 2.5 (2.7) | 0.35 | |
| MDS-UPDRS-III | ||||
| Statin non-users | −1.8 (1.5) | 0.24 | Reference | |
| Statin users | −5.7 (2.4) | 0.017 | −3.9 (2.8) | 0.16 |
| Lipophilic statin users | −3.9 (2.9) | 0.17 | −2.2 (3.2) | 0.50 |
| Hydrophilic statin users | −9.1 (4.1) | 0.029 | −7.3 (4.3) | 0.10 |
| Hydrophilic v. Lipophilic | NA | −5.1 (5.0) | 0.31 | |
| LEDD | ||||
| Statin non-users | 64.3 (40.9) | 0.12 | Reference | |
| Statin users | 81.1 (63.4) | 0.20 | 16.8 (75.3) | 0.82 |
| Lipophilic statin users | 82.9 (77.8) | 0.89 | 18.0 (87.8) | 0.84 |
| Hydrophilic statin users | 72.3 (111.2) | 0.99 | 7.4 (118.5) | 0.95 |
| Hydrophilic v. Lipophilic | NA | −10.6 (135.7) | 0.94 | |
| SNc R2* | ||||
| Statin non-users | 1.6 (0.6) | 0.010 | Reference | |
| Statin users | 3.7 (1.1) | 0.001 | 2.1 (1.2) | 0.08 |
| Lipophilic statin users | 2.8 (1.3) | 0.039 | 1.2 (1.4) | 0.41 |
| Hydrophilic statin users | 5.3 (1.7) | 0.003 | 3.7 (1.8) | 0.043 |
| Hydrophilic v. Lipophilic | NA | 2.5 (2.2) | 0.24 | |
Data represent estimates on effect of statins on specified outcomes at 18 months while adjusting for age, gender, and disease duration. Non-statin is the reference group unless otherwise stated. Effect estimates represent beta estimates from linear mixed effect model and represent change in addition to that seen in reference group. Values for statin users represent PD subjects taking any statin and are derived from a model considering statin use vs non-statin use. Values for non-statin, lipophilic, and hydrophilic are derived from models considering statin use, use of lipophilic statin, or use of hydrophilic statin. Abbreviations: LEDD=Levodopa equivalent daily dosage; MDS-UPDRS=Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, I=non-motor experiences of daily living, II=motor experiences of daily living, III=motor examination.