Table 3.
Univariate and Multivariable logistic regression model for clinical efficacy
| Variables | CSa (n = 70) | CFa (n = 35) | pb | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | pc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic parameters | |||||
| Female | 19 (27.1%) | 13 (37.1%) | 0.443 | ||
| Age (years) | 65.4 (56.0, 73.0) | 62.2 (51.0, 79.0) | 0.259 | ||
| Weight (Kg) | 59.5 (50.0, 65.0) | 54.0 (50.0, 60.0) | 0.109 | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Sepsis | 22 (31.4%) | 19 (54.3%) | 0.060 | ||
| Pulmonary diseases | 12 (17.1%) | 3 (8.6%) | 0.105 | ||
| Heart disease | 40 (57.1%) | 18 (51.4%) | 0.332 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (17.1%) | 7 (20.0%) | 0.868 | ||
| Chronic liver disease | 17 (24.3%) | 12 (34.3%) | 0.415 | ||
| Chronic renal dysfunction | 13 (18.6%) | 12 (34.3%) | 0.130 | ||
| Solid tumor | 10 (14.3%) | 5 (14.3%) | 0.871 | ||
| Clinical conditions | |||||
| Baseline CrCL (mL/min) | 90.3 (57.5, 102.1) | 73.0 (29.3, 104.9) | 0.092 | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | 30.6 (27.9, 32.4) | 32.0 (27.0, 35.9) | 0.326 | ||
| Baseline BUN (mmol/L) | 11.7 (6.2, 12.0) | 14.0 (7.3,18.2) | 0.246 | ||
| APACHEII score | 17.5 (12, 19) | 20.2 (12,25) | 0.091 | ||
| Mechanical ventilation | 49 (62.8%) | 32 (91.4%) | 0.109 | ||
| Pathogens and susceptibility | |||||
| CRAB | 56 (80.0%) | 30 (85.7%) | 0.897 | ||
| CRKP | 27 (38.6%) | 15 (42.9%) | 0.614 | ||
| CRPA | 13 (18.6%) | 10 (28.6%) | 0.52 | ||
| ≤ 0.5 mg/L | 3 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.999 | ||
| 1 mg/L | 67 (95.7%) | 35 (100%) | 0.999 | ||
| PMB treatment | |||||
| Daily dose (mg) | 144.7 (100.0, 150.0) | 117.0 (100.0,150.0) | < 0.0001 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.028 |
| Daily dose/weight (mg/Kg) | 2.5 (2.1, 2.9) | 2.0 (1.8, 2.5) | 0.004 | ||
| Duration (day) | 13 (9, 16) | 11 (6, 14) | 0.034 | ||
| Total dosage (mg) | 1915.4 (1200.0, 2250.0) | 1284.0 (800.0, 1500.0) | 0.001 | ||
| Total dosage (mg/Kg) | 33.3 (22.5, 40.0) | 24.0 (15.4, 28.0) | 0.002 | ||
| Combined with inhaled PMB | 28 (40.0%) | 6 (17.1%) | 0.012 | 0.32 (0.11–0.94) | 0.039 |
| PMB concentration | |||||
| AUCss, 24 h (mg·h/L) | 78.6 (62.4, 84.2) | 60.6 (43.5, 66.6) | 0.002 | ||
| AUCss, 24 h /MIC | 80.5 (62.6, 86.9) | 61.9 (43.2, 68.7) |
0.001 0.056# |
0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.009 |
| Cmin,ss (μg/mL) | 2.4 (1.6, 2.8) | 1.8 (1.0, 2.5) | 0.015 | ||
| Cmin,ss /MIC | 2.4 (1.4, 3.1) | 1.7 (0.9, 1.9) | 0.011 | ||
| Cmax,ss,(μg/mL) | 6.8 (5.0, 7.6) | 5.1 (3.7, 6.9) | 0.005 | ||
| Cmax,ss /MIC | 6.7 (4.9, 7.6) | 5.0 (3.8, 6.8) | 0.003 | ||
| Combination therapy | |||||
| Carbapenems | 20 (28.6%) | 16 (45.7%) | 0.156 | ||
| Tigecycline | 21 (30.0%) | 12 (34.3%) | 0.865 | ||
| Ceftazidime avibactam | 3 (4.3%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.667 | ||
| Other β-lactamd | 23 (32.8%) | 9 (25.7%) | 0.321 | ||
| Quinolone | 4 (5.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.999 | ||
CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio, CrCL Creatinine clearance, APACHE Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, PMB Polymyxin B, CRAB Carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii, CRKP Carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumonia, CRPA Carbapenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, AUCss, 24 h The area under the plasma concentration–time curve across 24 h at steady state, Cmin,ss Steady-state trough plasma concentration, Cmax,ss Steady-state peak plasma concentration, CS Clinical success, CF Clinical failure
aCategorical data are number (%) of subjects, continuous data are expressed as median (interquartile range, IQR)
bderived from univariate analysis
cderived from Cox regression analysis
dother β-lactam antibiotics include cefoperazone/sulbactam (n = 23) and piperacillin/tazobactam (n = 9)
#adjusted by daily dose. Bold indicates data with significant differences (p < 0.05)