Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the study population. Continuous variables are given as means ± SD. Categorial variables are given as frequencies and percentages.

		No ACE-I/ARB n = 92	ACE-I/ARB n = 84	p-Value
Age—yrs		82 (8)	81 (7)	0.38
Male sex		34% (31)	35% (29)	0.91
Coronary artery disease		21% (19)	24% (20)	0.61
Diabetes mellitus		18% (17)	20% (17)	0.77
Atrial fibrillation		70% (64)	62% (52)	0.28
Extracardiac Arteriopathy		37% (34)	26% (22)	0.13
Chronic lung disease		14% (13)	12% (10)	0.66
CCS class 4 angina		5% (5)	4% (3)	0.55
NYHA	I	59% (54)	50% (42)	0.56
	II	11% (10)	15% (13)
	III	20% (18)	19% (16)
	IV	11% (10)	15% (13)
Renal insufficiency	Normal (>85 mL/min)	26% (24)	20% (17)	0.47
	Moderately impaired (50–85 mL/min)	55% (51)	55% (46)
	Severely impaired (<50 mL/min)	18% (17)	25% (21)
Dementia		14% (13)	5% (4)	0.034
EuroScoreII (%)		7 (8)	6 (7)	0.49
Polypharmacy ≥ 5 prescriptions		74% (68)	93% (78)	<0.001
Oral anticoagulation		64% (58)	62% (52)	0.80
Beta blocker		65% (60)	64% (54)	0.90
Heart rate at admission		82 (22)	79 (23)	0.40
Heart rate at discharge		73 (9)	71 (10)	0.13
Frailty		43% (40)	38% (32)	0.47
Reason for admission	Heart failure	40% (37)	39% (33)	0.69
	Gastroenterology	16% (15)	11% (9)
	Other cardiac	18% (17)	17% (14)
	Infection	12% (11)	14% (12)
	Other	13% (12)	19% (16)

Abbreviations: CCS Canadian Cardiovascular Society; GFR Glomerular Filtration Rate; CFS: clinical frailty scale.