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Features of exosome biogenesis. Exosome formation begins with the endocytosis of cell membrane components and lipids, initiating the formation of early endosomes in the cytosol. These endosomes undergo sorting by ESCRT and CHMP proteins, resulting in the formation of multivesicular bodies that house intraluminal vesicles. These multivesicular bodies are then trafficked to the cell membrane, where the exocytic pathway releases exosomes into the extracellular space.
