Table 2.

Characteristics of the analyzed extraction kits on blood specimens and applied pretreatments as DNA extraction strategies.

Kit’s Description	Manufacturer	Whole Blood Specimens Volume	Pretreatment Method	Detection Limit	Species	Reference
Automatic kits
EZ1TM DNA Tissue Kit *	Qiagen	200 μL	-	1400 ng/μL	C.glabrata	[38]
EZ1TM DNA Tissue Kit *	Qiagen	200 μL	N2	570 ng/μL	C.glabrata	[38]
NucliSENSTM EasyMAGTM *	Fisher Scientific	200 µL	CB LB	10 CFU/mL Ct < 20	C. albicans C.glabrata C.parapsilosis C.tropicalis C. krusei	[43]
EZ1TM DNA Blood 200 µL Kit *	Qiagen	200 µL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
EZ1TM DNA Blood 200 µL Kit *	Qiagen	200 µL	CB LB	10 CFU/mL Ct < 20		[43]
EZ1TM DNA Tissue Kit *	Qiagen	190 µL	LyT	10 CFU/mL Ct < 20		[43]
EZ1TM DNA Tissue Kit *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	-	103 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
EZ1TM DNA Tissue Kit *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	TTE LyS LyT	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
QIAampTM 96DNA QIAcube HT kit *	Qiagen	200 μL	-	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans C.glabrata C.parapsilosis C.tropicalis C. krusei	[43]
Macherey-Nagel™ Pathogène NucleoMag™ *	BioMérieux	150 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
Mag-BindTM Viral DNA/RNA kit *	Omega Bio-tek	200 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
MagMAX™ Viral/ PathogenNucleic Acid Isolation Kit *	Applied Biosystems MGISP	400 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
Chemagic Viral DNA/RNA 300 kit H96 *	PerkinElmer	200 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
Virus DNA/RNA Extraction Kit *	MGI	200 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
BioextractTM SuperballTM kit *	Biosellal	200 μL	-	106 CFU/mL		[43]
Maxwell 16 Cell LEV DNA Purification Kit *	Promega Co.	100μL−1 mL	-	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
Maxwell 16 Cell LEV DNA Purification Kit *	Promega Co.	100μL−1 mL	TTE LyS LyT	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
Maxwell 16 Blood DNA Purification Kit *	Promega Co.	100μL−1 mL	-	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
Maxwell 16 Blood DNA Purification Kit *	Promega Co.	100μL−1 mL	TTE LyS LyT	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
Manual kits
DNeasy Blood and Tissue *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	-	Not detected	C. albicans	[44]
DNeasy Blood and Tissue *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	TTE Ammonium chloride LyS LyT Bead Beating	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
QIAamp DNA Blood Min i *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	-	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
QIAamp DNA Blood Mini *	Qiagen	100μL−1 mL	LyS LyT Bead Beating	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
PureLink Genomic DNA Mini *	Invitrogen Co	100μL−1 mL	-	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
PureLink Genomic DNA Mini *	Invitrogen Co	100μL−1 mL	LyS LyT	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
High Pure PCR Template Preparation *	Roche Inc.	100μL−1 mL	-	106 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
High Pure PCR Template Preparation *	Roche Inc.	100μL−1 mL	LyS LyT	103 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
UMD-Universal CE IVD *	Molzym GmbH & Co.	100μL−1 mL	-	101 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[44]
QIAamp DNA mini kit *	Qiagen	2 µL	-	< 10 ng/μL	Candida spp.: C. albicans C. glabrata C. parapsilosis C. tropicalis C. famata C. krusei C. dubliniensis C. haemulonii	[41]
QIAamp DNA mini kit *	Qiagen	2 µL	SDS β-mercaptoethanol	20 ng/μL		[41]
QIAamp DNA mini kit *	Qiagen	2 µL	glass beads	198 ± 18.9 ng/μL		[41]
Chelex-100/boiling	Not commercial	200 μL	-	104 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[45]
In-house protocol *	Not commercial	50–100 µL	guanidinium thiocyanate acid PK	260 CFU/mL (whole blood) 200 CFU/mL (serum)	C. albicans	[46]
QIAamp DNA Blood Mini *	Qiagen	1 mL	Polaris (Biocartis) enrichement LB	1 CFU/mL Ct < 35	C. albicans	[47]
QIAamp DNA Blood Mini *	Qiagen	5 mL	Polaris (Biocartis) enrichement LB	1 CFU/mL Ct < 35	C. albicans	[47]
In-house protocol **	-	3 mL	TTE SDS potasium acetate centrifugation cold ethanol	1–10 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[48]
GeneReleaser **	Eurogentec	3 mL	LB SDS TTE β-mercaptoethanol	1–10 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[48]
QIAamp Tissue **	Qiagen	3 mL	LB SDS TTE β-mercaptoethanol	10 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[48]
PureGene D 6000 **	Gentra	3 mL	LB SDS TTE β-mercaptoethanol	102 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[48]
DNAzol **	Sigma	3 mL	LB SDS TTE β-mercaptoethanol	103 CFU/mL	C. albicans	[48]
PKPC	Not commercial	400 μL	PK PC TTE	103 CFU/mL	Candida spp.	[49]
HLGT	Not commercial	400 μL	guanidine thiocyanate acid heat lysis	10 CFU/mL	Candida spp.	[49]
QIAamp DNA Blood *	Qiagen	400 μL	-	10 CFU/mL	Candida spp.	[49]
High Pure PCR Template Preparation *	Roche Inc.	400 μL	-	102 CFU/mL	Candida spp.	[49]
DNAzol *	Sigma	400 μL	-	104 CFU/mL	Candida spp.	[49]
QIAamp DNA mini kit *	Qiagen	1 mL	LyT	96 ± 21	C. albicans	[31]
QIAamp DNA mini kit *	Qiagen	1 mL	glass beads	89 ± 44	C. albicans	[31]
MasterPure yeast DNA purification kit *	Epicentre	1 mL	TTE	215 ± 109	C. albicans	[31]
BAGH *	Not commercial	1 mL	benzyl alcohol guanidine hydrochloride TTE	33 ± 42	C. albicans	[31]
Dr GenTle (gene trapping by liquid extraction) *	Takara Bio	1 mL	TTE	36 ± 18	C. albicans	[31]
yeast DNA extraction reagent (Y-DER) *	Pierce Biotechnology	1 mL	TTE	23 ± 10	C. albicans	[31]
YeaStar genomic DNA kit *	Zymo Research	1 mL	TTE	11 ± 4	C. albicans	[31]

TTE = Triton-Tris-EDTA (20 mM Tris-HCl [pH 8.3], 1 mM EDTA, and 1% Triton), PK = proteinase K, LyS = lysozyme, LyT = lyticase, CB = ceramic beads, LB = lysis buffer, N2= liquid nitrogen maceration. * the study involved blood samples from healthy patients spiked with fungal cells, ** samples from neutropenic patients suspected or diagnosed with systemic candidiasis.