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. 2023 Mar 29;13(4):598. doi: 10.3390/jpm13040598

Table 1.

Selection Criteria of Patients.

Inclusion Exclusion
Age between 18 and 65 years History of previous lumbar spine surgery
LBP a lasting more than 3 months Chemotherapy or pulse therapy with corticoids
MRI b performed less than 6 months before surgery History of spinal infection
Failure of conservative treatment for at least 6 weeks Previous intradiscal therapies

a—Low back pain; b—Magnetic resonance imaging.