Figure 2.

Schematic representation of amyloidogenic cascade and amyloid seeding. (A) The sigmoidal curves exhibit different forms because monomers, oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils are formed at various phases depending on time. (B) Amyloid seeding: the addition of pre-formed seeds reduces the lag phase, leading to faster aggregation. Homologous seeds, which have the same nature as the existing nuclei, lead to homologous seeding, whereas the heterologous seeds differ from the initial nuclei and lead to heterologous or cross-seeding. Modified with permission from Subedi S. et al., 2022 [36].