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. 2023 Apr 19;24(8):7487. doi: 10.3390/ijms24087487

Table 5.

Summary of the beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) in wound healing (WH) and chronic wound (CW).

Effect Mediator Phase of WH/CW
Anti-inflammatory ROS, NO, IL Inflammation
Vasodilatation NO Proliferation
Matrix formation TGF-beta and MMPs Proliferation and remodeling
Promote epithelial cell function Cyclin D1 Proliferation and remodeling

ROS: radical oxygen singlet; NO: nictric oxide; IL: interleukins; MMPs: metaloproteinases.