TABLE 3.
Summary of distributions of Campylobacter and Arcobacter in dairy cattle correlated with herd factorsa
| Parameter | No. of herds positive for C. jejuni/no. of herds tested (%) | P | No. of herds positive for C. coli/no. of herds tested (%) | P | No. of herds positive for Arcobacter/no. of herds tested (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 25/31 (80.6) | 6/31 (19.4) | 22/31 (71.0) | |||
| Herd size | 0.64 | 1.00 | 0.22 | |||
| <100 cows | 8/11 (72.7) | 2/11 (18.2) | 6/11 (54.5) | |||
| >100 cows | 17/20 (85.0) | 4/20 (20.0) | 16/20 (80.0) | |||
| Season | 0.36 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Before 1 May | 7/10 (70.0) | 2/10 (20.0) | 7/10 (70.0) | |||
| 1 May or later | 18/21 (85.7) | 4/21 (19.0) | 15/21 (71.4) | |||
| Region | 1.00 | 0.63 | 0.21 | |||
| North | 17/21 (81.0) | 5/21 (23.8) | 13/21 (61.9) | |||
| South | 8/10 (80.0) | 9/10 (90.0) | 1/10 (10.0) | |||
| Flush alleys | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.64 | |||
| Yes | 6/7 (85.7) | 1/7 (14.3) | 6/7 (85.7) | |||
| No | 19/24 (79.2) | 5/24 (20.8) | 16/24 (66.7) | |||
| Chlorinated drinking water | 0.24 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 3/5 (60.0) | 1/5 (20.0) | 4/5 (80.0) | |||
| No | 22/26 (84.6) | 5/26 (19.2) | 18/26 (69.2) | |||
| Use of irrigation to dispose of manure | 0.65 | 0.30 | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 6/8 (75.0) | 3/8 (37.5) | 6/8 (75.0) | |||
| No | 18/22 (81.8) | 3/22 (13.6) | 15/22 (68.2) | |||
| Use of broadcast or solid spreader to dispose of manure | 0.17 | 0.17 | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 22/26 (84.6) | 4/26 (15.4) | 18/26 (69.2) | |||
| No | 2/4 (50.0) | 2/4 (50.0) | 3/4 (75.0) | |||
| Slurry, surface application | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.21 | |||
| Yes | 7/9 (77.8) | 1/9 (11.1) | 8/9 (88.9) | |||
| No | 17/21 (81.0) | 5/21 (23.8) | 13/21 (61.9) | |||
| % of cows not born on farm | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.39 | |||
| 0 | 5/7 (71.4) | 2/7 (28.6) | 6/7 (85.7) | |||
| 1 or more | 19/23 (82.6) | 4/23 (17.4) | 15/23 (65.2) | |||
| Feeding of alfalfa | 0.15 | 0.64 | 0.11 | |||
| Yes | 18/20 (90.0) | 3/20 (15.0) | 12/20 (60.0) | |||
| No | 7/11 (63.6) | 3/11 (27.3) | 10/11 (90.9) | |||
| Feeding of corn silage | 0.32 | 0.64 | 0.69 | |||
| Yes | 19/22 (86.4) | 5/22 (22.7) | 15/22 (68.2) | |||
| No | 6/9 (66.7) | 1/9 (11.1) | 7/9 (77.8) | |||
| Feeding of whole cottonseed or hulls | 0.17 | 1.00 | 0.42 | |||
| Yes | 17/19 (89.5) | 4/19 (21.1) | 12/19 (63.2) | |||
| No | 8/12 (66.7) | 2/12 (16.7) | 10/12 (83.3) | |||
| Individual waterer | 0.63 | 1.00 | 0.19 | |||
| Yes | 6/8 (75.0) | 1/8 (12.5) | 4/8 (50.0) | |||
| No | 19/23 (82.6) | 5/23 (21.7) | 18/23 (78.3) | |||
| Feed accessible to birds | 0.17 | 1.00 | 0.70 | |||
| Yes | 14/15 (93.3) | 3/15 (20.0) | 10/15 (66.7) | |||
| No | 11/16 (68.8) | 3/16 (18.8) | 12/16 (75.0) | |||
| Feed accessible to rodents | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.70 | |||
| Yes | 13/18 (72.2) | 5/18 (27.8) | 12/18 (66.7) | |||
| No | 12/13 (92.3) | 1/13 (7.7) | 10/13 (76.9) |
a
Herd-level associations were tested at the 80% probability level (P = 0.2).