Table 2.
Distribution of Short Sleep Durationa Across Developmental Periodsb According to Race/Ethnicity and Sex/Gender From Waves I, III, IV, and V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, United States, 1994–2018
| Race/Ethnicity and Sex/Gender | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total
(n = 12,593) |
Black Female (n = 1,525) |
Black Male
(n = 1,573) |
Latinx Female
(n = 1,126) |
Latinx Male
(n = 1,302) |
White Female
(n = 3,236) |
White Male
(n = 3,831) |
||||||||
| Short Sleep Duration and Developmental Period | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| Developmental period | ||||||||||||||
| Early adolescence | 3,283 | 26.1 | 443 | 29.0 | 432 | 27.5 | 236 | 21.0 | 253 | 19.4 | 955 | 29.5 | 964 | 25.1 |
| Adolescence | 10,111 | 80.3 | 1,201 | 78.8 | 1,221 | 77.6 | 934 | 82.9 | 1,112 | 85.4 | 2,561 | 79.1 | 3,073 | 80.2 |
| Emerging adulthood | 7,018 | 55.7 | 852 | 55.7 | 780 | 49.6 | 578 | 51.3 | 670 | 51.5 | 1,951 | 60.3 | 2,187 | 57.1 |
| Young adulthood | 8,911 | 70.8 | 1,132 | 74.2 | 934 | 59.4 | 762 | 67.7 | 806 | 61.9 | 2,476 | 76.5 | 2,741 | 71.5 |
| Adulthood | 6,938 | 55.1 | 880 | 57.7 | 613 | 39.0 | 614 | 54.5 | 533 | 40.9 | 2,142 | 66.2 | 2,146 | 56.0 |
| Short sleep duration | ||||||||||||||
| Early adolescence | 975 | 29.7 | 174 | 39.3 | 158 | 36.6 | 72 | 30.5 | 76 | 30.0 | 278 | 29.1 | 217 | 22.5 |
| Adolescence | 4,728 | 46.8 | 612 | 51.0 | 625 | 51.2 | 476 | 50.5 | 485 | 43.6 | 1,222 | 47.7 | 1,308 | 42.6 |
| Emerging adulthood | 2,202 | 31.4 | 270 | 31.7 | 309 | 39.6 | 159 | 27.5 | 231 | 34.5 | 501 | 25.7 | 732 | 33.5 |
| Young adulthood | 2,721 | 30.5 | 380 | 33.6 | 471 | 47.4 | 190 | 24.9 | 275 | 34.1 | 548 | 22.1 | 857 | 31.3 |
| Adulthood | 3,197 | 46.1 | 522 | 59.3 | 387 | 63.1 | 286 | 46.6 | 256 | 48.0 | 844 | 39.2 | 902 | 42.0 |
a Defined as <9 hours for ages 6–12 years, <8 hours for ages 13–17 years, and <7 for ages 18 years or older based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommendation for amount of sleep according to age.
b Developmental periods include early adolescence (11–14 years), adolescence (15–19 years), emerging adulthood (20–24 years), young adulthood (25–34 years), and adulthood (35–44 years).