Table 5.
Small-molecule LBNPs for drug delivery and their physicochemical properties.
| Composition | TFR (mL/min) | FRR (aq/org) | Mixer | Cargo | EE (%) | Particle Size (nm) | PDI | Zeta Potential (mV) | Administration Route | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSPC/DMPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (16/49/32/3 mol%) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 84 | 143 | 0.22 | −0.3 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/DMPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (5/58/34/3) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 88 | 82 | 0.13 | −2.1 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/DMPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (11/52/34/3 mol%) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 59 | 104 | 0.14 | −2 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/DMPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (16/49/3/32 mol%) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 58 | 84 | 0.14 | −2.6 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/DMPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (57/11/29/3 mol%) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 70 | 110 | 0.16 | −1.6 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/Chol/DSPE—PEG2000 (64/33/3) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox-HCl | 89.4 | 266 | 0.22 | −2 | - | [69] |
| DSPC/Chol/DSPE-PEG2000-PE (65/31/4 mol%) |
0.5 | 0.1 | Dolomite 5-input chip | Dox/Unbelliprenin | 74.0 ± 5.8/ 47.0 ± 1.2 |
227 ± 1 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | −2.5 ± 0.3 | - | [62] |
| DOPA/EPG/DOPE/HSPC:Chol/DSPE-PEG2000 (37.44/9.36/0.47/8.93/1.9 mol%) |
12 | 0.2 | NanoAssemblr™ Benchtop | Dox-HCl | 62.7 | 97.5 | 0.134 | - | IV | [17] |
| DPPC/Chol (67/33 mol%) |
20 | 0.3 | Swirl | Doxorubicin | 79.7 ± 4 | <200 | <0.2 | >−10 | - | [65] |
| DMPC/Chol (67/33 mol%) |
1 | 0.25 | FLUIGENT MFCS™-EZ | Paclitaxel | 88 | >147 | >0.124 | −10 | - | [63] |
| DPPC/Chol (67/33 mol%) |
1 | 0.25 | FLUIGENT MFCS™-EZ | Paclitaxel | 91 | <168 | 0.183 | −11 | - | [63] |
| Cetyl palmitate/DSPE-PEG2000 (95/5 mol%) |
10 | 0.25 | Co-flow | Paclitaxel | 31.7 | 137.3 | 0.279 | −11.2 | - | [67] |
| Cetyl palmitate/DSPE-PEG2000 (99/1 mol%) |
10 | 0.25 | - | Paclitaxel | 54 | 121 | 0.11 | −23 | - | [73] |
SHM = staggered herringbone mixer, DODAP = 1,2-dioleoyl-3-dimethylammonium-propane, Chol = cholesterol, HSPC = hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine, PEG-DSPE = 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol amine-N-[methoxy-(polyethylene glycol)-2000], DSPC = Distearoylphosphatidylcholine, DMG-mPEG2000 = 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000, DiO = perchlorate, ESM = egg sphingomyelin, DOPE = 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, EPG = egg phosphatidylglycerol, IV = intravenous.