Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies (n = 5).
| Study, Year | Country | Study Period | Study Design | n | Age, Years | Sex, Male (M in %) | Co-Morbidities, n (%) | Diagnostic Criteria for AC | PCT Cut-Off Value (ng/mL) | Index Admission Cholecystectomy, n (%) | CRP, mg/dL | WBC, 109/L | Outcome Variables Assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fransvea et al., 2021 | Italy | January 2015–December 2019 | Retrospective cohort | 174 | 62.33 ± 17.94 | 89 (51.1) | CCI: 2.33 ± 2.24 CHF: 7 (5.1%) CKD: 5 (2.9%) DM: 19 (10.9%) IHD: 11 (6.3%) PVD: 13 (7.5%) |
TG18 | ≥1 | 174 (100) | 25.00 ± 21.68 | 10.80 ± 4.93 | Major Complication Conversion to open surgery Progression to sepsis Mechanical Ventilation Death Length of Stay |
| Sakalar et al., 2019 | Turkey | June 2013–September 2014 | Prospective cohort | 95 | 59.87 ± 1.96 | 48 (50.5) | - | TG13 | - | - | 4.05 ± 6.07 | 11.00 ± 4.97 | PCT Correlation with severity Operative Time Length of Stay |
| Wu et al., 2016 | China | January 2017–April 2018 | Retrospective cohort | 115 | 53.54 ± 14.31 | 68 (59.1) | CAD: 4 (3.5%) COPD: 1 (0.9%) DM: 25 (21.7%) HTN: 26 (22.6%) Liver Cirrhosis: 14 (12.2%) |
TG18 | - | 115 (100) | 107.32 ± 39.71 | 12.54 ± 2.53 | PCT Correlation with DLC Operative Time Blood loss Conversion to open surgery Dense adhesions Clavien-Dindo Post-op Grade Perforation of gallbladder |
| Yuzbasioglu et al., 2016 | Turkey | July 2009–January 2011 | Prospective cohort | 200 | 59.97 ± 18.60 | 66 (33.0) | - | TG13 | - | - | 1.00 ± 2.30 | 10.40 ± 3.85 | PCT Correlation with severity |
| Naz et al., 2021 | India | Prospective cohort | 104 | - | - | - | TG18 | - | - | - | 12.05 | PCT Correlation with severity |
AC: Acute Cholecystitis; CAD: Coronary Artery Disease; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CHF: Congestive Heart Failure; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; DLC: Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; DM: Diabetes Mellitus; HTN: Hypertension; IHD: Ischemic Heart Disease; PVD: Peripheral Vascular Disease; TG: Tokyo Guidelines; WBC: White Blood Cell. All categorical variables are expressed as n (%), and all continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise specified.