Figure 7.

Frequentist network meta-analysis results: (a) Forest plot showing the output of comparisons between each guidance technique and non-guided injections. Ultrasound and electrostimulation appear to be equivalent. (b) League table showing the results of pairwise comparisons as mean difference and the corresponding credible intervals. The four techniques are ranked from the top to the bottom of the diagonal (from the best to the worst). Of note, ultrasound is again depicted at the top of the diagonal, although the statistical estimates within the frequentist framework point to an equality of ultrasound and electrical stimulation. Abbreviations: EMG: electromyography, ES: electrical stimulation, MNP: manual needle placement, US: ultrasound.