Table 1.

Risk factors associated with Lactobacillus bacteremia.

Risk Factors
Malignancy.
Serious gastrointestinal disorder (i.e., hepatic cirrhosis, cholecystolithiasis, chronic pancreatitis).
Prior hospitalization.
Previous antibiotic treatment.
Surgery.
Preterm neonates with underlying conditions (short bowel syndrome, growth restriction).
Ischemic or ulcerative colitis.
Immunocompromised (HIV, chronic steroids, chemotherapy, or transplant patients).
Use of central venous devices.
Concomitant polymicrobial infections.