Table 1.
Participant demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Variable | All Participants (n = 15) | Underwent Surgery (n = 12) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 67.5 (8.1) | 66.4 (7.2) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.3 (3.4) | 26.5 (3.1) |
| Sex (males), no. (%) | 9 (60) | 7 (58.3%) |
| Educational level, no. (%) | ||
| <10 years | 10 (66.7) | 8 (66.7) |
| ≥10 years | 5 (33.3) | 3 (33.3) |
| Smoking status, no. (%) | ||
| Current | 7 (46.7) | 5 (41.7) |
| Former | 5 (33.3) | 5 (41.7) |
| Never | 3 (20) | 2 (16.7) |
| Cancer diagnosis, no. (%) | ||
| NSCLC | 12 (80) | 10 (83.3) |
| Neuroendocrine tumor | 2 (13.3) | 2 (16.7) |
| No diagnosis * | 1 (6.7) | |
| Histological subtype a, no. (%) | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 11 (78.6) | 9 (75) |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 1 (7.1) | 1 (8.3) |
| Carcinoid | 2 (14.3) | 2 (16.7) |
| Tumor stage b, no. (%) | ||
| IA | 9 (64.3) | 8 (66.7) |
| IB | 3 (21.4) | 2 (16.7) |
| IIA | 1 (7.1) | 1 (8.3) |
| IIB | 1 (7.1) | 1 (8.3) |
| Comorbidities, no (%) | ||
| Hypertension | 7 (46.7) | 6 (50) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 5 (33.3) | 3 (25) |
| COPD | 4 (26.7) | 4 (33.3) |
| Other | 8 (53.3) | 6 (50) |
| Charlson comorbidity index c, mean (SD) | 3.5 (1.7) | 3.5 (1.6) |
| SpO2 (%), mean (SD) | 96.3 (2.1) | 95.8 (2.1) |
| Pulmonary function, mean (SD) | ||
| FVC (% predicted) | 92.1 (11.8) | 93 (12.8) |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 81.9 (21.4) | 81.2 (23.9) |
| DLCO (% predicted) | 72.4 (20.8) | 69.7 (22.1) |
| Resection degree, no. (%) | ||
| Lobectomy | 11 (91.7) | |
| Bilobectomy | 1 (8.3) | |
| Surgical approach, no. (%) | ||
| VATS | 6 (50) | |
| Open Surgery | 6 (50) | |
| Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 3 (2.5) |
Legend: BMI (body mass index); COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease); DLCO (diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide); FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second); FVC (forced vital capacity); IQR (interquartile range); NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer); SpO2 (peripheral oxygen saturation); VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery); * suspected lung cancer at baseline (patient refused surgery); a considering only patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer; b based on clinical stage at recruitment, with the exception of one patient with unstaged disease (pathological tumor stage IB). c Scores range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater comorbidities.