Table 3.
Oxidative stress markers in healthy subjects and patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
| Variables (mL/Serum) |
HS Median (Min–Max) (Q1, Q3, IQR) |
Before the NAC Treatment SARS-CoV-2 Infection Median and (Min–Max) (Q1, Q3, IQR) |
After the NAC Treatment SARS-CoV-2 Infection Median and (Min–Max) (Q1, Q3, IQR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| TAC (nM Trolox) | 12,783.5 (8111.7–33,063.9) (9598.1, 26,719.6, 17,121.4) |
5727.1 (4710.5–7034.6) *** (5143.2, 6527.7, 1384.4) |
7143.3 (6193.6–10,021.6) *** (6564.9, 7730.4, 1165.5) |
| GSH (µM) | 0.07 (0.05–0.22) | 0.03 (0.01–0.07) *** | 0.07 (0.03–0.43) *** |
| (0.06, 0.10, 0.03) | (0.03, 0.04, 0.01) | (0.04, 0.27, 0.23) | |
| Thiols (µM) | 9.1 (3.3–16.4) | 3.1 (0.4–6.6) *** | 4.7 (0.7–9.8)* |
| (6.4, 11.1, 4.6) | (1.6, 4.5, 2.9) | (3.1, 6.8, 3.6) | |
| LPO (nM MDA) | 1.2 (0.3–2.7) | 2.1 (0.6–3.6) ** | 1.1 (0.2–2.6) * |
| (0.7, 1.8, 1.1) | (1.2, 2.7, 1.5) | (0.3, 2.3, 1.9) | |
| NO2 (nM) | 22.0 (10.7–67.5) | 3.5 (2.5–11.1) *** | 24.1 (9.5–45.7) *** |
| (19.9, 28.6, 8.7) | (2.9, 6.5, 3.6) | (15.0, 30.7, 15.7) | |
| 3-NT (nM) | 7.0 × 10−7 (1.3 × 10−8–8.0 × 10−3) (4.4 × 10−7, 5.6 × 10−3, 5.6 × 10−3) |
7.1 × 10−3 (5.3 × 10−4 – 2.1 × 10−2) *** (2.9 × 10−3, 9.8 × 10−3, 6.9 × 10−3) |
1.2 × 10−2 (2.8 × 10−3–4.4 × 10−2) * (6.2 × 10−3, 1.6 × 10−2, 1.0 × 10−2) |
*** p < 0.001, ** p = 0.01, significantly changes between HS vs. before of the NAC treatment SARS-CoV-2 infection and *** p < 0.001, * p = 0.02, * p ≤ 0.05 before of the NAC treatment SARS-CoV-2 infection vs. after of the NAC treatment SARS-CoV-2 infection. Abbreviations: HS = healthy subjects, TAC = total antioxidant capacity, GSH = glutathione reduced, LPO = lipid peroxidation, NO2– = nitrite, 3-NT = 3-nitrotyrosine. Q1 = first quartile, Q2 = second quartile, IQR = interquartile range. The results are shown median, first quartile, second quartile, interquartile range and min and max range.