Table 4.
Cytotoxic activity of naphthoquinones isolated from Droseraceae and Nepenthaceae.
| Compound | Species | Cytotoxicity/Reference Line | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| plumbagin | N. thorelii x (ventricosa x maxima)/aerial parts | leukemia cells (24 h assay) acute promyelocytic (HL-60): IC50 = 0.35 µg/mL chronic myelogenous (K-562): IC50 = 0.4 µg/mL T-cell acute lymphocytic (MOLT-4): IC50 = 0.19 µg/mL |
[94] |
| plumbagin | N. alata | human breast cancer (MCF-7): IC50 = 3.5 μM (48 h assay) human epithelial ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3): IC50 = 13.1 μM (48 h assay) |
[119] |
| plumbagin | Di. muscipula | murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388): IC50 = 0.01 µg/mL human colon carcinoma (HCT116): IC50 = 0.11 µg/mL |
[86] |
| plumbagin | Di. muscipula | human breast cancer MDA-MB-468: IC50 = 0.4 μM human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7): IC50 = 1.8 μM/epithelial cell line (MCF-10a) |
[117] |
| plumbagin | Di. muscipula | promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60): IC50 = 2.7 μM | [75] |
| 3-hydroxymethylplumbagin | Di. muscipula | murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388): IC50 = 0.08 µg/mL | [86] |
| hydroplumbagin ß-D-glucopyranoside | Di. muscipula | murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388): IC50 = 2.0 µg/mL | [86] |
| 3-chloroplumbagin | Di. muscipula | human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468): IC50 = 0.6 μM human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7): IC50 = 2 μM/epithelial cell line (MCF-10a) |
[117] |
| ramentaceone | Dr. aliciae | human leukemic monocyte lymphoma (U937): IC50 = 3.2 µM human cervical cancer (HeLa): IC50 = 51 µM human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7): IC50 = 17 µM human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116): IC50 = 37 µM |
[122] |
| ramentaceone | Dr. aliciae | human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60): IC50 = 8.75 μM | [118] |
| isoshinanolone | Di. muscipula | murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388): IC50 = 0.4 µg/mL | [86] |
| diomuscinone | Di. muscipula | murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388): IC50 = 0.06 µg/mL | [86] |