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. 2023 Apr 21;28(8):3639. doi: 10.3390/molecules28083639

Table 6.

Other types of activity of carnivorous Nepenthales plants.

Species/Extract Activity Experimental Model Effect Ref
Dr. rotundifolia/ethanol impact on respiratory tract bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) ↑ cell viability ca 6.9%,
↑ epidermal growth factors,
↑ proteins related with detoxification, ↑ cytokines
[142]
Dr. rotundifolia/water (w), 70 ethanol (e) antispasmodic guinea-pig ileum induced with carbachol (M3 receptor) 0.5 mg/mL depressed the response to carbachol to 86% (w) and to 64% (e) [131]
Dr. madagascariensis/70% ethanol antispasmodic guinea-pig ileum induced with carbachol/histamine/PGF (M3, H1, contractile prostanoid receptors, respectively) M3: 0.5 mg/mL depressed the response to 72%, and 1 mg/mL to 35%
H1: 0.5 mg/mL depressed the response to 75%
PGF: no effect
[130]
Dr. rotundifolia/90% ethanol (e), aqueous fraction (w) antispasmodic tracheal slices of C57BL/6N mice ↓ acetylcholine-induced contractions (e,w); ↓ K+ induced contraction (w) [143]
Dr. rotundifolia/90% ethanol, aqueous fraction ciliary beat frequency tracheal slices of C57BL/6N mice ↑ciliary beat frequency [143]
Dr. rotundifolia, Dr. tokaiensis, Dr. spatulata, Dr. peltata/80% methanol antiaging ribose-gelatin mixture 10,20,50 µg/mL: ↓ formation of CMA and CML [156]
Dr. burmannii/90% ethanol antiepileptic mice with pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures 500 mg/kg bw: delaying the onset of convulsions, shortening the duration of seizures [157]
Dr. burmannii/70% methanol hepatoprotective iron-overloaded Swiss albino mice ↓ ALAT, ↓ ASAT, ↓ ALP, ↓ bilirubin
↑ SOD, ↑ CAT, ↑ GST, ↑ GSH
↓ liver iron, ↓ serum ferritin
↓ lipid and protein peroxidation
↓ collagen content
restoration of healthy liver
[140]
Dr. burmannii/90% ethanol (e), water (w) antifertility female Wistar rats with normal estrus cycles 250 and 450 mg/kg bw: ↓ implantation to 78.74% and 85.23% (e);
↓ implantation to 67.22% and 83.66% (w)
[161]
N. thorelii root/chloroform antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum Inhibition of growth: IC50 10 µg/mL [147]
T. peltatum root (r), stem bark (s)/chloroform antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum Inhibition of growth: IC50 53 ng/mL (r) IC50 76 (s) ng/mL [148]
T. peltatum root (r), stem bark (s)/chloroform antimalarial Plasmodium berghei Inhibition of growth: IC50 103 ng/mL (r) IC50 279 ng/mL (s) [148]
N. mirabilis/methanol anti-osteoporotic RANκL-induced murine bone-marrow macrophages (RAW 264.7) Inhibition of TRAP expression (↓ osteoclast differentiation) [141]
N. bicalcarata/methanol antidiabetic diabetic rats 300 mg/kg bw for 6 week: ↓ blood glucose level [64]
N. mirabilis/ethanol (e), water (w) antidiabetic enzymatic
activity assay
Inhibition of α-glucosidase: IC50 = 32.7 (e), 3.3 (w) µg/mL and α –amylase: IC50 = 73.6 (e), 296.7 (w) µg/mL [158]

CMA—Nω-(carboxymethyl)arginine; CML—Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, PGF—prostaglandin F2á, M3—muscarinic receptors, H1—histamine receptors, TRAP—tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; ↓ decrease; ↑ increase.