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. 2023 Mar 31;26(4):106545. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106545

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© 2023 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Cellular and molecular impact of intranasal oxytocin in APP/PS1 mouse brains

(A) Representative images for oxytocin (OXT) immunoreactivity in the PVN of wild-type (WT) or APP/PS1 (APP) mice treated with intranasal OXT or vehicle.

(B) Quantification of OXT immunoreactivities. Symbols represent individual cells. N = 2–3 mice per group; WT versus APP, p < 0.0001; APP versus APP OXT, p < 0.0001. Bars represent means ± SD.

(C) Representative images for Iba1 immunohistochemistry in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of wild-type or APP/PS1 mice treated with intranasal OXT or vehicle.

(D) Quantification of Iba1 immunoreactivity. Symbols represent mean values from individual mice; WT versus APP, p = 0.0100; APP versus APP OXT, p = 0.0054. Bars represent means ± SEM.

(E) Representative double immunofluorescence image showing amyloid plaques (6E10 immunoreactivity, red) and Iba1 immunoreactivity (green) in the hippocampus of an APP/PS1 mouse.

(F) Iba1 immunoreactivity surrounding plaques, p = 0.0001. Bars represent means ± SD.

(G) 6E10-positive area of individual plaques, p = 0.0004. Bars represent means ± SD.

(H) 6E10 immunofluorescence intensity per plaque, p = 0.0124. Bars represent means ± SD.

(I) 6E10 immunofluorescence intensity normalized per plaque area, p = 0.0030. Bars represent means ± SD.

(J) Immunofluorescence (6E10, red) showing diffuse plaques (6E10 immunofluorescence/area ratio <35 a.u., red arrows) and dense core plaques (6E10 immunofluorescence/area ratio >35 a.u., white arrows) in the hippocampi of APP/PS1 mice that received intranasal treatment with OXT or vehicle.

(K) Plaque core density (6E10 immunofluorescence intensity normalized per plaque core area) in dense core plaques, p = 0.0107. Symbols represent individual plaques. N = 3–5 mice per group. Bars represent means ± SD. (B) Kruskal-Wallis test, (D) One-way ANOVA, (F-K) Mann-Whitney test, Scale bars: 50 μm.