Table 2.

Comparison among the wearable sensors based on different Nano metal-based materials towards glucose monitoring.

	Material	Modification/Functionalization/Fabrication	LOD (μM)	Linear range (μM)	Sensitivity (μA·μM−1·cm−2)	Ref.
Monomental nanomaterials	Au nanoparticles	Deposited on the SF film	0.168	0.1–1000	–	(40)
		The technique of ultraviolet mediated chemical plating	2.7	20–1110	22.05	(41)
		Decoration on the working electrode	26 ​± ​5	50–1400	4.7 ​± ​0.8	(42)
		Carrier for enzyme and sensing materials	17.84	0–5000	10.51	(43)
		Decorated with CNTs onto the anode	–	1000–5000	–	(49)
		Functionalized working electrodes with single-walled carbon nanotubes	–	17–1110	26.6	(48)
		Deposited on the surface of graphene electrodes	10	200–10000	18	(57)
	Pd nanoparticles	Decorated on Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework	2	10–1000	–	(58)
	Pt nanoparticles	Multi-potential step deposition process	1.9 ​× ​10−4	0.01–0.105 0.105–100	0.387 11.51	(59)
		Electrodeposited onto a multiwall carbon nanotube	0.1	1–5000	–	(60)
		Inkjet printing technology	28.9	0–22222	–	(61)
		Disperse on the surface of LIG electrode	0.3	0.3–2100	4.622	(63)
	Au nanowires	Growing directly on elastomeric substrates	10	0–1400	23.72	(71)

Monomental nanomaterials	Au nanowrinkles	Covered rGO to form a wrinkled	0.5	5 ​× ​10−4-10000	140	(72)
	Au nanofibers	Functionalized by glucose oxidase and Prussian blue	6	0–500	11.7	(73)
	Au nanoneedles	Electrochemical deposition method	7	25–250	–	(74)
	Ag nanowire	Decorated with graphene to form AgNW	0.4	100–600	–	(77)
	Ag nanofibers	Electrospinning	12.57	100–900	–	(78)
	Au nanosheets	Layer-by-layer method	1.3	0–300	10.89	(82)
	Ag nanosheets	Coated with Cu tape	1.1	3–3300	4610	(83)
	Nanoporous Au	Formed through the dealloying of vacuum-deposited Au	–	10–1000	253.4	(86)
		Electrodeposition	–	10–1000	–	(87)
	Micro-Nano Dualporous Au	Electrochemical deposition method	25	1500–16000	48.4	(89)
	Au nanostructures	Electrochemical deposition method	5	5–40	130.4	(88)
	Cu nanoparticles	Electrochemically deposited on the working electrode	2	2–600	8510	(90)
	Ni nanoparticles	–	0.29	0.5–1666	2040	(91)
bimetallic nanomaterials	Au and Pt alloy nanoparticles	Electrochemical deposition	–	100–2300	82	(95)
	Pt and Pd nanoparticles	Electrodeposited on PP/LIG	3	10–9200	247.3	(96)
	Cr and Au nanofilm	Deposited on the PI film	–	0–150	–	(100)
	Cu nanowires and Au nanoparticles	Inkjet printing technology	2.99	3–700	850	(101)
	Ni–Co MOF Nanosheet	Coated on rGO/PU fiber surface	3.28	10–660	425.9	(102)
Metal oxide nanomaterials	In2O3 nanoribbon	Functionalized FET	0.01	0.01–1000	–	(105)
	In2O3 nanofilm	Decorated with enzyme	–	100–600	–	(106)
	Cu2O nanoparticles	The hydroxylamine hydrochloride reduction method	3.3	0–6000	1.81	(107)
	Cu2O nanofilm	Wrapped around the Ni mesh	0.05	0.05–118.25 118.25–1070	15420 5850	(108)
	CuO nanoparticles	Sunlight aided technique	0.1	1–5000	–	(109)
	ZnO nanowires	Decorated on enzymes	20	–	–	(110)

Metal oxide nanomaterials	ZnO nanowire arrays	Wet-chemical method	0.33	–	–	(111)
	NiCo2O4 nanowires	Hydrothermal method	10	10–200	0.5	(112)
	NiCoO2 nanosheets	Electrochemical deposition method	34.8	0–7000	592	(113)
Others	Au nanocluster and MnO2 nanosheets	AuNCs wrapped by MnO2 nanosheets	–	0–1000	–	(114)
	Cr/Au/Ti nanofilm	Deposition to graphene channels	1 ​× ​10−6	1 ​× ​10−6-1000	–	(118)
	RuS2 nanoparticles	Facile hydrothermal method	4.87 ​× ​10−3	0.01–100	87.9 ​± ​0.6	(119)
	Silver nano-ink	Inkjet printing technology	–	–	–	(120)
	AgNW and PtAuNP	Electrodeposition	5	0–1100	6.4	(121)