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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 29.
Published in final edited form as: Life Sci. 2021 Mar 31;278:119454. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119454

Table A3.

Association of demographic, military and deployment characteristics with Kansas GWI exclusionary criteria status.

All (n = 1116) Met exclusionary conditions p-value from χ2


Yes (n = 451) No (n = 655)



(%) (%) (%)

Sex Male 76.8 79.2 75.2 0.1232
Female 23.2 20.8 24.8
Age Group 40–49 years 38.7 30.2 44.5 <0.0001
50–59 years 36.9 33.3 39.4
60 years and over 24.4 36.6 16.1
Race/Ethnicity White, Not Hispanic 65.1 59.4 68.9 0.0026
Black, Not Hispanic 17.2 20.0 15.3
Hispanic (any race) 9.5 10.0 9.2
Other 6.2 7.1 5.6
Household income per year Under $30,000 11.2 12.6 10.2 <0.0001
$30,000 – $59,999 23.1 28.2 19.7
$60,000 – $99,999 29.0 30.2 28.3
$100,000 or more 29.8 20.8 35.8
Unknown 6.9 8.2 6.0
Highest achieved education level High School diploma/GED or less 9.0 12.0 6.9 0.0003
Some college to Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree 68.2 70.3 66.8
Master’s degree, Professional degree, or Doctorate degree 20.7 15.3 24.4
Unknown 2.2 2.4 2.0
Deployed to the 1990–91 Gulf War Deployed 76.1 75.8 76.2 0.8751
Did not deploy 23.9 24.2 23.8
Unit Component Active duty only 60.6 60.5 60.6 0.3338
Reserves only 14.6 13.1 15.6
Both active duty and reserves 24.4 26.2 23.2
Service Branch Army only 45.5 48.8 43.3 0.0517
Navy only 16.1 14.4 17.3
Air Force only 11.0 10.6 11.3
Marine Corps only 12.5 9.8 14.4
National Guard: all 9.8 10.0 9.6
Other 5.0 6.4 4.1
Used VHA health care or hospital in the last year Yes 44.3 54.6 37.3 <0.0001
No 54.9 44.8 61.8
Deployed in support of OEF or OIFa Yes 21.7 19.3 23.3 0.0951
No 76.5 79.4 74.6

OEF=Operation Enduring Freedom; OIF=Operation Iraqi Freedom.

a

Percents sum to less than 100% because blank and write-in responses not included.