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. 2023 Apr 25;10:713–724. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S384751

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© 2023 Costante et al.

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HCC clinical features at diagnosis in HBV/HDV patients and other aetiologies of liver disease. HBV/HDV-related HCC shows a more aggressive behavior compared with HCC related to other risk factors (such as alcohol, NAFLD, HCV, autoimmune diseases, biliary diseases), with a faster growth rate, larger nodule size, higher AFP serum levels, and a more advanced tumor stage. Image created with Biorender.com.

Abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HDV, hepatitis delta virus.