Table 1.
The antibiotic resistance patterns of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (% of resistance)
| Antibiotic classes | Antibiotics | S. aureus | Enterobacter | Pseudomonas | Klebsiella | Proteus | E. coli | Acinetobacter | Enterobacter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B-lactams | Ampicillin | 90 | 80 | 92.1 | 72.2 | 87.5 | 85.2 | 90 | 100 |
| Carbenicillin | NT | NT | 68.4 | 80.5 | 75 | 63 | 90 | 80 | |
|
Cefoperazone Sulbactam |
NT | NT | 63.1 | 58.3 | 68.7 | 66.6 | 70 | 60 | |
| Penicillin | 84 | 80 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Cloxacillin | 92 | 80 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Monobactams | Aztreonam | NT | NT | 55.3 | 66.6 | 78.1 | 63 | 90 | 60 |
| Cephalosporins I | Cefazolin | NT | NT | 68.4 | 75 | 68.7 | 85.2 | 90 | 80 |
| Cephradine | 84 | 100 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Cephalosporins II | Cefuroxime | NT | NT | 68.4 | 72.2 | 78.1 | 81.5 | 90 | 80 |
| Cefoxitin | 8 | 100 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Cephalosporins III | Cefotaxime | 68 | 30 | 55.3 | 63.8 | 81.2 | 70 | 70 | 100 |
| Ceftriaxone | 20 | 80 | 26.3 | 25 | 28 | 29.6 | 80 | 60 | |
| Cefepime | NT | NT | 57.9 | 63.8 | 62.5 | 48.1 | 70 | 80 | |
| Ceftazidime | NT | NT | 65.7 | 69.4 | 81.2 | 85.1 | 90 | 80 | |
| Aminoglycosides | Tobramycin | NT | NT | 42.1 | 63.8 | 59.4 | 44.4 | 60 | 60 |
| Amikacin | NT | NT | 36.8 | 41.6 | 37.5 | 55.5 | 90 | 60 | |
| Gentamicin | 58 | 30 | 63.1 | 41.6 | 40.6 | 29.6 | 70 | 40 | |
| Netilmicin | 42 | 30 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Quinolones | Ciprofloxacin | 46 | 70 | 22.2 | 47.2 | 68.7 | 63 | 50 | 100 |
| Ofloxacin | NT | NT | 47.4 | 61.1 | 59.4 | 74 | 50 | 80 | |
| Norfloxacin | 54 | 60 | 34.2 | 52.1 | 62.5 | 85.2 | 70 | 100 | |
| Carbapenems | Meropenem | NT | NT | 44.7 | 58.3 | 43.7 | 25.9 | 70 | 60 |
| Chloramphenicol | Chloramphenicol | 56 | 80 | 68.4 | 47.2 | 53.1 | 51.8 | 50 | 100 |
| Polymyxins | Polymyxin B | NT | NT | 15.7 | 30.5 | 87.5 | 18.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Colistin | NT | NT | 10.5 | 36.1 | 87.5 | 18.5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Sulfonamide | Trimetho-sulfamethazole1 | 54 | 80 | 47.4 | 72.2 | 68.7 | 81.5 | 70 | 80 |
| Fluoroquinolones | Nalidix | 66 | 80 | 55.3 | 75 | 68.7 | 63 | 50 | 60 |
| Tetracyclines | Doxycycline | 34 | 30 | 42.1 | 50 | 59.4 | 48.1 | 40 | 40 |
| Tetracycline | 44 | 60 | 63.1 | 47.2 | 68.7 | 63 | 40 | 60 | |
| Nitrofurans | Nitrofuration | 28 | 30 | 52.6 | 50 | 50 | 51.8 | 40 | 80 |
| Macrolides | Erythromycin | 58 | 100 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Azithromycin | 32 | 20 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Lincosamides | Clindamycin | 56 | 40 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Ansamycin | Rifampicin | 74 | 50 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Glycopeptides | Vancomycin | 0 | 70 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Teicoplanin | 66 | 70 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | |
| Oxazolidinones | Linezolid | 0 | 0 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| No. of isolates | 50 | 10 | 38 | 36 | 32 | 27 | 10 | 5 | |
NT not determined