Cases	Demographics	Clinical symptoms	Signs	Diagnostic tests	Treatment and prognosis	Prognosis	References
1	73-year-old female Caucasian	Altered mental status, panic attack with palpitations, nausea, numbness, tachypnea, heavy breathing, dry cough, and chest discomfort	BP 137/71 O2 sat 83% Tem:99.7°F HR ~ 115 RR ~ 33 Tachycardia, Irregular rhythm Pulse deficit Bibasilar crackles	CXR: Diffuse pulmonary edema, bilateral interstitial infiltrates, and hazy opacities ECG: atrial fibrillation with RVR CT Scan: multiple ground glass opacities predominantly in peripherally and posteriorly	Supportive care, Dexamethasone, Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Anticoagulation, azithromycin	Clinical recovery to sinus rhythm	[49]
2	66-year-old female	On 6th day of COVID-19 related admission patient presented with tachycardia and palpitations	HR: 160 bpm	EKG showed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response	Metoprolol Diltiazem Carvedilol	Clinical recovery to sinus rhythm	[50]
3	66-year-old male	Sudden onset of palpitations and worsening dyspnea	HR: 186 BP: 134/80	EKG showed irregular, narrow-QRS complex tachycardia without P waves	Amiodarone External Electric shock 260 J	Brainstem acute ischemic stroke, ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest	[51]
4	90-year-old African American female	Altered mental status from welfare check	BP 141/78 Tem:97.9°F HR ~ 140 RR ~ 44	ECG: atrial fibrillation with RVR Echo: Ejection fraction 65–70% with grade I diastolic dysfunction	Intubation, supportive care, Hydroxychloroquine azithromycin	Clinical recovery to sinus rhythm	[52]
5	50-year-old male	Pain on the posterior aspect of the right lower leg	BP 129/76 Tem:98.9°F HR ~ 78 RR ~ 18	EKG showed irregular heart rate with new-onset AF CT scan extremities: partial right popliteal block CT abdomen: Left kidney lower pole infarction MRA: Right occipital lobe subacute infarcts	Inpatient: Azithromycin, oseltamivir, paracetamol, Vitamin C, zinc sulfate, Hydroxychloroquine Bisoprolol and Omeprazole. Outpatient: Direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC), atorvastatin, aspirin and bisoprolol Follow-up with AF clinic for electric cardioversion	Clinical recovery to sinus rhythm	[53]
6	72-year-old female	Altered mental status	HR ~ 133 Tachypnea Leukocytosis Increased lactate	EKG New-onset AF with RVR Troponins: > 20,000 ng without ST and T elevations suggesting acute cardiac ischemia	Cardizem drip followed by oral amiodarone and metoprolol	Clinical recovery to sinus rhythm	[54]
7	57-year-old male	Palpitations and progressive dyspnea	BP 117/97 O2 sat 97% HR ~ 152 RR ~ 14 Irregularly irregular puse Bibasilar fine crepitations Elevated JVP	EKG New-onset AF Echo: LVEF 20% and MR Cardiac MRI: biventricular edema, dysfunction with LVEF 30%. Severe myocarditis	Intravenous diuretics, rate control agents, anticoagulation, ACE inhibitor and mineralocorticoid	Clinical recovery. Cardiac MRI at 3-month interval planned with outpatient follow-up	[55]
8	78-year-old Caucasian male	Altered mental status, panic attack, palpitations, nausea, numbness, tachypnea, heavy breathing, dry cough and chest discomfort	BP 137/71 O2 sat 83% Temp 39.7C HR ~ 115 RR ~ 33 Irregular rhythm Bibasilar crackles Pulse deficit	EKG AF with RVR Anion gap: abnormal Metabolic alkalosis Echo: borderline abnormal LVEF (50–55%), LV diastolic dysfunction, mild pericardial effusion, moderate septal hypertrophy, mild dilated LV (LVEDD: 58.9 mm and LVESD: 40.7 mm) and restrictive LV filling pattern	ICU admission, intubation, vasopressor, supportive care, dexamethasone, hydroxychloroquine, remdesevir, IV Ibutilide, anticoagulation and azithromycin	Normal sinus rhythm was restored two days prior to extubation	[56]
9	72-year-old male	Severely hypoxic patient (Sp02 65%)	Irregular heart rhythm, exhausted, perspiring, bilateral medium crackles,	EKG: AF Echo: Globally reduced LV systolic function, EF 30%	Intubation, Non-adrenaline, Dobutamine, Volume resuscitation, Argipressin, Dexamethasone, Landiolol, amiodarone, digitoxin, ivabradine and Levosimandan	Pericardial tamponade Cardiogenic shock Death	[57]
10	18 y male	Refractory hypotension, blurry vision, eye redness, nausea, vomiting, cheat pain, nausea, vomiting, syncope, dizziness and refractory hypotension	BP 80/40 HR ~ 120 Hepatomegaly Injected conjunctiva Erythematous tongue Blanching rash on palm and wrists	EKG: AF, wide complex tachycardia Echo: mild pericardial effusion	Cardioversion 100–150 J Bolus of Amiodarone Low dose epinephrine	Normal sinus rhythm is restored with complete clinical recovery	[58]
11	15-year-old African American female	Headache, vomiting and fatigue	BP 70/90 Temp 102.8 F HR ~ 150	Echo: Severe LV dysfunction without atrial or ventricular dilation EKG: AF with RVR	IV saline, milrinone, epinephrine, IV immunoglobulin, IV methyl prednisolone, subcutaneous LMW heparin, IL-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra). Cardioversion (50 J) and Amiodarone	Normal sinus rhythm is restored with complete clinical recovery	[59]