Table 1.
Symptoms at presentation and main manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) in two large cohorts
| Symptoms in 383 Americans with CSa | % | Main manifestations in 289 Finns with CSb | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dyspnoea | 50–70 | High-grade atrioventricular block | 46 |
| Palpitation | 40–60 | Heart failure with LV dysfunction | 18 |
| Fatigue | 30–45 | Sustained VT | 17 |
| Chest pain | 20–30 | NSVT or frequent ventricular premature beats | 7 |
| Presyncope | 15–30 | Aborted sudden cardiac death | 4 |
| Syncope | 15–20 | Syndrome mimicking acute myocardial infarctionc | 4 |
| Edema | 5–10 | Atrial tachyarrhythmia | 1 |
| Cardiac arrest | 2–10 | Other | 3 |
NSVT indicates non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
From the study of Rosenbaum et al.22 involving a predominantly white (88%) male (63%) population aged on average 54 years. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis was based on the Heart Rhythm Society’s (HRS) criteria4 in 73% of the cohort, the rest having presumed CS without proof of sarcoidosis histology.
From the study of Ekström et al.8 involving a nationwide cohort with female predominance (74%) and a mean age of 50 years. All patients fulfilled the HRS diagnostic criteria.
acute chest pain, ischemic ECG changes, and elevated cardiac biomarkers with a normal coronary arteriogram.