Table 4.

Structure and structure-activity-relationship of polysaccharide from Alfalfa.

Type	Extraction method	Monosaccharide composition	Molecular weight/kDa	Structure characteristics	Function	References
Alfalfa	Water extraction and alcohol precipitation	Fuc: Ara: Gal: Glc: Xyl: Man: GalA: GlcA=2.60: 8.00: 4.70: 21.30: 3.20: 1.00: 74.20: 14.90	3300.00 kDa	1,5-Araf, T-D-Glc, T-D-Gal, 1,4-Gal-Ac, 1,4-Glc, 1,6-Gal, 1,3,4-GalA	Immunomodulation	(77)
Alfalfa	Complex enzyme-assisted extraction	-	-	-	Anti-oxidation	(78)
Alfalfa	Hot water extraction	Rha: Xyl: Ara: GalA: Man: Glc=2.13: 3.07: 2.77: 1.00: 1.30: 1.10	10.00 kDa	→ 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → , α-D-GalAp-(1 → , → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → , → 5)-α-L-Arap-(1 → , → 3)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → , → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 →	Anti-oxidation and anti-tumor	(79)
Alfalfa	Hot water extraction	Rha: Xyl: GalA: Man: Glc: Gal=12.50: 16.00: 23.75: 31.75: 46.75: 1.00	15.80 kDa	→ 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → , → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → , → 6)-α-D-Galp-(1 → , α-D-GalAp-(1 → , α-D-Glcp-(1 → , → 3)-β-D-Manp-(1 → , → 3)-β-D-Xylp(1 →	Anti-oxidation and anti-tumor	(79)
Alfalfa	Hot water extraction	Rha: Ara: Man: Gal=0.44: 0.13: 0.11: 0.32	13.40 kDa	2-O-acetyl-β-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-L-Araf-1(1 → 4)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → , → 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-α-L-Rhap-(1 →	Neuroprotective	(82)
Alfalfa	Hot water extraction	Rha: Ara: Man: Gal=0.50: 0.22: 0.07: 0.21	11.20 kDa	→ 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → , → 3)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Galp-(1 → , β-D-Manp-(1 → 2)-O-acetyl-β-D-Manp-(1 → , β-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 →	Anti-oxidation	(82)