Table 4.
Echocardiographic changes after TAVI according to baseline RV-PA coupling impairment (short-term effect of TAVI on RV-PA coupling).
| Echocardiographic parameters | Normal RV-PA coupling baseline RVFWLS/PASP ≥0.63 (n = 65) | Impaired RV-PA coupling baseline RVFWLS/PASP <0.63 (n = 67) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 1 m post-TAVI | p-value | Baseline | 1 m post TAVI | p-value | |
| Aortic stenosis severity | ||||||
| Vmax, m/s | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | <0.001 | 4.6 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| AVAi, cm2/m2 | 0.44 ± 0.2 | 0.98 ± 0.4 | <0.001 | 0.37 ± 0.1 | 0.92 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Aortic regurgitation | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | <0.001 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Left ventricle | ||||||
| LVEF, % | 55.0 ± 7.9 | 57.5 ± 6.3 | 0.041 | 48.0 ± 14.4 | 52.8 ± 12.4 | 0.042 |
| LV-GLS, % | −14.2 ± 3.9 | −15.3 ± 3.6 | 0.098 | −10.5 ± 3.7 | −12.6 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| LVMi, g/m2 | 174 ± 47 | 151 ± 41 | 0.003 | 187 ± 53 | 160 ± 44 | 0.002 |
| E/A | 0.84 ± 0.4 | 0.75 ± 0.3 | 0.167 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 1.28 ± 0.6 | 1.05 ± 0.4 | 0.007 | 1.27 ± 0.6 | 1.12 ± 0.5 | 0.111 |
| Left atrium | ||||||
| LAAi, cm2/m2 | 14.2 ± 2.4 | 13.3 ± 2.5 | 0.047 | 16.3 ± 3.6 | 15.0 ± 3.7 | 0.032 |
| LAVi, ml/m2 | 49.3 ± 13.4 | 44.5 ± 12.9 | 0.042 | 61.3 ± 21.6 | 53.5 ± 21.3 | 0.037 |
| LA-GLS, % (LAɛ) | 16.1 ± 5.9 | 19.1 ± 6.3 | 0.007 | 8.6 ± 5.6 | 12.1 ± 6.5 | 0.001 |
| Right ventricle | ||||||
| TAPSE, cm/s | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.936 | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 0.187 |
| S`RV, cm/s | 11.5 ± 2.5 | 12.4 ± 2.2 | 0.020 | 9.4 ± 2.6 | 12.1 ± 9.3 | 0.026 |
| FAC, % | 42.6 ± 6.5 | 44.6 ± 6.7 | 0.084 | 38.9 ± 9.1 | 41.7 ± 8.2 | 0.060 |
| PASP, mmHg | 30.9 ± 8.4 | 29.1 ± 7.0 | 0.191 | 49.2 ± 15.1 | 38.1 ± 13.1 | <0.001 |
| PAPm | 20.9 ± 5.2 | 19.8 ± 4.3 | 0.191 | 32.0 ± 9.1 | 25.3 ± 8.0 | <0.001 |
| RV-GLS, % | −21.2 ± 4.3 | −20.9 ± 5.1 | 0.732 | −13.6 ± 4.9 | −16.5 ± 5.5 | 0.001 |
| RV-FWLS, % | −27.0 ± 4.9 | −26.1 ± 6.7 | 0.424 | −16.9 ± 6.1 | −20.6 ± 7.5 | 0.003 |
| RV-IVS, % | −13.4 ± 6.1 | −14.6 ± 4.5 | 0.244 | −8.6 ± 5.2 | −11.5 ± 5.1 | 0.003 |
Values are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range). Vmax, maximum aortic velocity; AVA, aortic valve area; AVAi, aortic valve area index; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; LV-GLS, left ventricle global longitudinal strain; LA, left atrium; LAAi, LA area index; LAVi, LA volume index; LVMi, LV mass index; LA-GLS, LA global longitudinal strain; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; S`RV, peak systolic myocardial velocity at the lateral site of the tricuspid annulus; PASP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; PAPm, mean pulmonary artery pressure; FAC, right ventricle fractional area change; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; RV-GLS, RV global longitudinal strain; RV-FWLS, RV free wall longitudinal strain; RV-IVS, RV interventricular septum strain.