Table 4.
Summary of previous studies of gastrointestinal bleeding in children from neighboring countries and worldwide
|
Ref.
|
Country
|
n
|
Age (yr)
|
Sex
|
Bleeding site
|
Two most common symptoms (%)
|
Two most common causes (%)
|
| Isa et al, 2023 | Bahraina | 250 | ≤ 18 | M > F | Both | Per rectal bleeding (60.4); Hematemesis (46.8) | Inflammatory bowel disease (30.8); Gastritis (28) |
| Jafari et al[2], 2018 | Iran | 113 | < 18 | M > F | Both | Hematemesis (40.7); Coffee ground vomitus (38) | Prolapse gastropathy (18.6) for UGIB; Polyps (32.5) for LGIB |
| Rafeey et al[10], 2013 | Iran | 447 | < 18 | M > F | UGIB | Hematemesis (26.85); Melena (13.42) | Erosive esophagitis (40); Gastric erosion (17) |
| Zahmatkeshan et al[12], 2012 | Iran | 363 | < 18 | M > F | LGIB | Hematochezia (80.2); Bloody diarrhea (18.1) | Juvenile polyp (23.1); Lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (18.2) |
| Hassoon et al[9], 2012 | Iraq | 58 | 4 d-18 | M > F | UGIB | Hematemesis (58.5); Melena or hematochezia (5.2) | Esophageal varices (39); Gastric erosions (19.6) |
| Gimiga et al[6], 2015 | Romania | 118 | < 18 | M > F | LGIB | Hematochezia (54.2); Rectorrhagia (40.7) | Solitary colorectal polyps (33); Ulcerative colitis (22) |
| Cleveland et al[4], 2012 | USA | 158 | < 17 | M > F | UGIB | Hematemesis (73.4); Melena (20.8) | Prolapse gastropathy syndrome (12.7); gastric erosions/ulcers (10.8) |
a
The present study. UGIB: upper gastrointestinal bleeding; LGIB: lower gastrointestinal bleeding; USA: United states of America.