ELAVL1 knockdown selectively impairs in vivo leukemic engraftment. A and B, Flow-cytometric evaluation of CD14+ and CD11b+ (A) and 7AAD+ (B) fractions of shScramble- and shELAVL1-infected primary AML cultures 10 and 2 days after infection, respectively. C, Schematic illustrating in vivo ELAVL1 loss-of-function leukemic repopulation assays. D and E, Quantitative analysis of shELAVL1-infected primary AML cells at endpoint showing %CD45+CD33+ grafts in BM (D) and absolute graft size (E) based on total cell counts in femurs and tibiae of recipient mice. F, Flow-cytometric analysis of CD14+ populations within CD45+CD33+ grafts in right femur and BM at the endpoint. G, Analysis of Ametrine+ fractions of shLuciferase- or shELAVL1-infected fractions within the injected right femur CD45+ grafts at the endpoint. H, Flow-cytometric analysis of leukemic grafts in the BM of secondary transplant recipient mice. Representative flow plots are shown. I, Percentage of human HSC in BM grafts of CB-transplanted recipient mice at the 12 weeks after transplant endpoint.*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001, determined by a two-sided Student t test. Error bars, SEM.