Table 3.
Comparisons of rates of obstetric and delivery-related complications for the moderate congenital heart disease (CHD), severe CHD and No CHD groups.
| Factor | Moderate CHD (n = 1277) | OR for Moderate CHD vs No CHD (95% CI) | Severe CHD (n = 251) | OR for Severe CHD vs No CHD (95% CI) | OR for Moderate CHD vs Severe CHD (95% CI) | No CHD (n = 2,467,589) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy-related | |||||||
| Caesarean section (n, %) | 446 (34.9)* | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 92 (36.7)* | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 726,282 (29.4) | <0.001 |
| Pre-eclampsia (n, %) | 269 (21.1)* | 1.5 (1.4–1.8) | 46 (18.3) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 363,566 (14.7) | <0.001 |
| Thromboembolic (n, %) | 0 (0) | – | 0 (0) | – | – | 109 (0.004) | 0.967 |
| ARDS/pulmonary edema (n, %) | 7 (0.5)* | 6.7 (3.2–14.0) | 1 (0.4) | 4.8 (0.7–34.5) | 0.7 (0.1–5.9) | 2037 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Delivery-related | |||||||
| Preterm delivery (n, %) | 90 (7)* | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | 35 (13.9)*,† | 3.5 (2.4–4.9) | 2.1 (1.4–3.2) | 110,499 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| IUGR (n, %) | 101 (7.9)* | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) | 42 (16.7)*,† | 4.9 (3.5–6.9) | 2.3 (1.6–3.5) | 96,532 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Non-cardiac birth defects (n, %) | 92 (7.2)* | 4.3 (3.5–5.3) | 36 (14.3)*,† | 9.2 (6.5–13.2) | 2.2 (1.4–3.3) | 43,896 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Fetal death (n, %) | 18 (1.4) | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) | 9 (3.6)* | 4.4 (2.3–8.6) | 2.6 (1.2–5.9) | 20,675 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Post-hoc analyses: C-section: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001, No CHD vs Severe CHD p = 0.036. Pre-eclampsia: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001. ARDS/pulmonary edema: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001. Preterm delivery: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001, No CHD vs Severe CHD p < 0.001, Moderate CHD vs Severe CHD p = 0.001. IUGR: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001, No CHD vs Severe CHD p < 0.001, Moderate CHD vs Severe CHD p < 0.001. Non-cardiac birth defects: No CHD vs Moderate CHD p < 0.001, No CHD vs Severe CHD p < 0.001, Moderate CHD vs Severe CHD p = 0.001. Fetal death: No CHD vs Severe CHD p < 0.001.
Note, birth defects are non-cardiac. P-values are for comparison across all three groups with details of post-hoc analyses shown below the Table; * p ≤ 0.05 compared to No CHD, † p ≤ 0.05 compared to Moderate CHD. Data are presented as n, % or odds ratio (95% confidence interval). ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, IUGR = intrauterine growth restriction, OR = odds ratio. Data from the Vizient Clinical Data Base/Resource Manager used by permission of Vizient. All rights reserved.