Figure 9.

Representation of the svPLA (PDB 5TFV) with the phospholipid bilayer membrane, created using the CHARMM-GUI web interface.⁷⁹ The protein orientation in the membrane was automatically set up with the PPM 2.0 server, and the substrate was manually inserted. In the active center, there is a bound phospholipid substrate in which the color red represents oxygen, phosphorus is brown, nitrogen is blue, and carbon is white; the enzyme is shown in cartoon representation, and the Ca²⁺ ion is shown in dark pink. Binding to the membrane makes the enzyme more active for several orders of magnitude. PyMOL molecular graphics software package was used to generate the representations.