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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Serv. 2022 Apr 21;20(3):525–532. doi: 10.1037/ser0000651

Table 2.

Univariate Comparisons of Veterans with Evidence that an Initial Action Towards VA Mental Healthcare was Taken by Contextual and Individual Factors

Factor Initial Action
Taken (n)
Initial Action
Taken (%)
χ2 OR Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI
Site of Screening 51.1* 1.16 1.11 1.21
 VAMC 10150 63.5
 CBOCa 15225 60.0
Site Rurality 281.5* 1.42* 1.37 1.48
 Urban 17447 64.5
 Rurala 8005 56.0
Gender 255.8* 1.72* 1.60 1.83
 Female 3421 72.1
 Malea 22116 60.1
Race 235.5*
 Black 6878 67.4 1.45* 1.38 1.52
 Other 1342 63.1 1.20 1.09 1.31
 Missing 1857 62.8 1.18 1.09 1.28
 Whitea 15460 58.8
Ethnicity 79.3*
 Hispanic 2595 68.1 1.38 1.28 1.48
 Missing 913 60.1 0.97 0.87 1.08
 Non-Hispanica 22029 60.8
Service Era 1944.2*
 WWII/Korea 215 42.1 0.86 0.72 1.03
 Post-Vietnam 1889 60.4 1.81* 1.67 1.96
 First Gulf War 8029 64.7 2.17* 2.06 2.29
 OEF/OIF/OND 10215 71.7 3.01* 2.86 3.17
 Other 82 72.6 3.14* 2.07 4.75
 Vietnama 5107 45.7
a

Reference group