Table 2.
PD Patient and PD Spouse Direct Health-care Costs
| Healthcare Cost Category (Mean, SD) | PD Patients | PD Spouses | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 286 | N = 153 | |||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| PD-Related Costs | ||||||
| Inpatient costs | $123 ($2082) | $754 ($6659) | $690 ($8286) | $255 ($2306) | $213 ($2635) | $1470 ($12,924) |
| Outpatient costs | $2333 ($5439) | $2062 ($10,219) | $1402 ($2543) | $3238 ($5587) | $1920 ($6864) | $2421 ($8499) |
| ER visit costs | $42 ($338) | $78 ($381) | $47 ($269) | $118 ($574) | $42 ($248) | $226 ($1241) |
| Outpatient office visit costs | $807 ($504) | $490 ($421) | $517 ($475) | $775 ($658) | $418 ($451) | $360 ($395) |
| Other outpatient services costs | $1483 ($5362) | $1494 ($10,163) | $838 ($2308) | $2345 ($5220) | $1460 ($6599) | $1835 ($7955) |
| Outpatient medication costs | $2857 ($3537) | $3463 ($4192) | $4087 ($4948) | $2137 ($3089) | $2379 ($3536) | $2598 ($3679) |
| Total medical costs (Inpatient + Outpatient) | $2456 ($7015) | $2815 ($16,233) | $2092 ($9104) | $3493 ($5935) | $2133 ($9087) | $3891 ($19,577) |
| Total costs (Total medical costs + Outpatient medication) | $5313 ($7900) | $6278 ($16,879) | $6179 ($10,176) | $5630 ($6938) | $4512 ($9697) | $6489 ($20,213) |
| All-Cause Costs | ||||||
| Inpatient costs | $1830 ($7649) | $3301 ($24,799) | $3733 ($17,124) | $5504 ($21,198) | $10,983 ($47,036) | $6247 ($26,850) |
| Outpatient costs | $9947 ($16,188) | $8211 ($17,008) | $7772 ($12,552) | $14,542 ($19,953) | $13,364 ($20,615) | $12,850 ($24,609) |
| ER visits costs | $237 ($716) | $239 ($749) | $271 ($1217) | $786 ($2424) | $567 ($1356) | $826 ($2506) |
| Outpatient office visit costs | $1613 ($946) | $1183 ($843) | $1258 ($948) | $2045 ($1436) | $1685 ($1394) | $1468 ($1227) |
| Other outpatient services costs | $8096 ($15,693) | $6789 ($16,600) | $6243 ($11,753) | $11,710 ($17,885) | $11,111 ($19,068) | $10,556 ($22,687) |
| Outpatient medication costs | $5259 ($8687) | $5785 ($8157) | $7022 ($10,000) | $9605 ($21,706) | $11,142 ($29,730) | $9871 ($23,537) |
| Total medical costs (Inpatient + Outpatient) | $11,776 ($18,958) | $11,512 ($34,499) | $11,505 ($24,435) | $20,046 ($32,498) | $24,347 ($62,269) | $19,097 ($47,528) |
| Total costs (Total medical costs + Outpatient medication) | $17,035 ($20,793) | $17,297 ($35,365) | $18,527 ($26,860) | $29,650 ($42,533) | $35,488 ($71,385) | $28,968 ($53,481) |
Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson’s disease; SD, Standard deviation; ER, emergency room.