Table 1.
General characteristics of participants
| Characteristics | Total (%) | Rural (%) | Urban (%) | |||
| Normal cognition (n=3 410) |
Cognitive impairment (n=1 336) |
Normal cognition (n=849) |
Cognitive impairment (n=474) |
Normal cognition (n=2 561) |
Cognitive impairment (n=862) |
|
| Gender | p=0.179 | p=0.702 | p=0.176 | |||
| Male | 1 577 (46.2) | 589 (44.1) | 389 (45.8) | 212 (44.7) | 1 188 (46.4) | 377 (43.7) |
| Age (years) | p<0.001*** | p<0.001*** | p<0.001*** | |||
| 65–69 | 1 672 (49.0) | 409 (30.6) | 343 (40.4) | 133 (28.1) | 1 329 (51.9) | 276 (32.0) |
| 70–74 | 1 038 (30.4) | 413 (30.9) | 287 (33.8) | 166 (35.0) | 751 (29.3) | 247 (28.7) |
| 75–79 | 441 (12.9) | 255 (19.1) | 137 (16.1) | 99 (20.9) | 304 (11.9) | 156 (18.1) |
| ≥80 | 259 (7.6) | 259 (19.4) | 82 (9.7) | 76 (16.0) | 177 (6.9) | 183 (21.2) |
| Marital status | p<0.001*** | p=0.053 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Married | 2 851 (83.6) | 978 (73.2) | 559 (65.8) | 310 (65.4) | 2 252 (87.9) | 668 (77.5) |
| Education level | p<0.001*** | p=0.235 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Primary school or below | 941 (27.6) | 553 (41.4) | 687 (80.9) | 365 (77.0) | 254 (9.9) | 188 (21.8) |
| Middle school | 1 767 (51.8) | 558 (41.8) | 149 (17.6) | 101 (21.3) | 1 618 (63.2) | 457 (53.0) |
| University or above | 702 (20.6) | 225 (16.8) | 13 (1.5) | 8 (1.7) | 689 (26.9) | 217 (25.2) |
| Smoking history | p=0.053 | p=0.384 | p=0.003** | |||
| Yes | 990 (29.0) | 356 (26.6) | 258 (30.4) | 155 (32.7) | 732 (28.6) | 201 (23.3) |
| Drinking history | p=0.112 | p=0.908 | p=0.009** | |||
| Yes | 793 (23.3) | 282 (21.1) | 225 (26.5) | 127 (26.8) | 568 (22.2) | 155 (18.0) |
| Physical exercise | p<0.001*** | p=0.111 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Yes | 2 913 (85.4) | 1 059 (79.3) | 631 (74.3) | 333 (70.3) | 2 282 (89.1) | 726 (84.2) |
| Cognitive activity | p<0.001*** | p=0.345 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Yes | 2 263 (66.4) | 717 (53.7) | 334 (39.3) | 174 (36.7) | 1 929 (75.3) | 543 (63.0) |
| Eating animal fat | p<0.001*** | p=0.828 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Yes | 1 558 (45.7) | 498 (37.3) | 279 (32.9) | 153 (32.3) | 1 279 (49.9) | 345 (40.0) |
| Hypertension | p=0.002** | p=0.426 | p=0.006** | |||
| Yes | 2 207 (64.7) | 927 (69.4) | 584 (68.8) | 336 (70.9) | 1 623 (63.4) | 591 (68.6) |
| Diabetes | p=0.008** | p=0.339 | p<0.001*** | |||
| Yes | 549 (16.1) | 258 (19.3) | 101 (11.9) | 63 (13.3) | 448 (17.5) | 193 (22.4) |
| TC | p=0.719 | p=0.567 | p=0.324 | |||
| High TC | 1 265 (37.1) | 502 (37.6) | 309 (36.3) | 164 (34.5) | 956 (37.3) | 338 (39.2) |
| TG | p=0.011* | p=0.313 | p=0.075 | |||
| High TG | 1 098 (32.2) | 379 (28.4) | 227 (26.7) | 114 (24.1) | 871 (34.0) | 265 (30.7) |
| LDL-C | p=0.746 | p=0.540 | p=0.578 | |||
| High LDL-C | 798 (23.4) | 296 (22.2) | 104 (12.2) | 54 (11.4) | 694 (27.1) | 242 (28.1) |
| HDL-C | p=0.186 | p=0.564 | p=0.994 | |||
| Low HDL-C | 617 (18.1) | 204 (15.3) | 74 (8.7) | 39 (8.2) | 282 (11.0) | 95 (11.0) |
*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.