Table I.
Description of the overall population before pregnancy in women with PCOS and controls.
| N | PCOS N = 30 | N | Control N = 29 | ASD (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at initial check-up (years) | 30 | 28.0 (25.0 to 31.0) | 29 | 31.0 (28.0 to 33.0) | 53.08 |
| BMI at initial check-up (kg/m²) | 30 | 24.5 (21.6 to 30.9) | 29 | 24.5 (22.2 to 29.4) | 6.07 |
| Total antral follicular count D2 | 28 | 52.5 (42.0 to 75.0) | 25 | 25.0 (18.0 to 29.0) | 244.49 |
| FSH D2 (IU/l) | 29 | 5.0 (4.4 to 5.8) | 22 | 5.8 (4.6 to 7.0) | 44.86 |
| LH D2 (IU/l) | 28 | 5.7 (3.9 to 8.0) | 17 | 3.4 (2.9 to 4.7) | 95.10 |
| Estradiol D2 (pg/ml) | 29 | 38.0 (31.0 to 52.0) | 22 | 35.5 (29.0 to 50.0) | 18.63 |
| Total AMH (pmol/l) | 30 | 59.0 (42.0 to 85.7) | 29 | 18.4 (15.0 to 23.2) | 320.29 |
| Total testosterone, TT (ng/ml) | 27 | 0.35 (0.27 to 0.46) | 16 | 0.29 (0.23 to 0.37) | 64.52 |
| Androstenedione (ng/ml) | 27 | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.6) | 16 | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.1) | 76.61 |
| DHEAS (µmol/l) | 8 | 5.4 (4.1 to 6.4) | 5 | 4.0 (3.7 to 5.4) | 66.80 |
| 17 OH progesterone (ng/ml) | 27 | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.8) | 16 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.8) | 22.02 |
| Fasting glycemia (g/l) | 9 | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9) | 4 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | NA |
| Fasting insulinemia (mUI/l) | 8 | 13.7 (8.7 to 17.5) | 5 | 7.2 (5.0 to 7.4) | 119.91 |
| Age at the beginning of pregnancy (years) | 30 | 28.0 (27.0 to 33.0) | 29 | 33.0 (28.0 to 35.0) | 53.12 |
| BMI at the beginning of pregnancy (kg/m²) | 28 | 25.0 (22.3 to 29.5) | 29 | 27.4 (21.0 to 31.9) | 6.07 |
| Type of conception | 30 | 29 | NA | ||
| Spontaneous | 5 (16.7) | 2 (6.9) | |||
| Ovulation induction | 16 (53.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| ART | 9 (30.0) | 27 (93.1) |
To evaluate the magnitude of differences of patient characteristics before pregnancy between women with PCOS and controls women, absolute standardized differences were calculated; an absolute standardized difference (ASD) >20% (in bold) was interpreted as a meaningful imbalance (i.e. difference). Values are presented as n (percentage) or as median (IQR). IQR: interquartile range; N: number of available observations; NA: not applicable; AMH: anti-Müllerian hormone; PCOS: polycystic ovary syndrome; D2: Day 2 of the menstrual cycle; DHEAS: dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.