Table 1. Baseline, Imaging, and Treatment Characteristics Compared Between Intravenous Thrombolysis Plus Thrombectomy and Thrombectomy Alone Before and After Propensity Score Matching.
| Characteristic | Treatment groupa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matching | |||||||
| All (n = 903) | MT alone (n = 513) | IVT plus MT (n = 390) | P value | All (n = 746) | MT alone (n = 373) | IVT plus MT (n = 373) | P value | |
| Baseline characteristics | ||||||||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 78 (68-84) | 78 (69-84) | 77 (65-84) | .08b | 78 (68-84) | 78 (68-84) | 77 (67-84) | .90b |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | 381/903 (42.2) | 221/513 (43.1) | 160/390 (41.0) | .54c | 308/746 (41.3) | 157/373 (42.1) | 151/373 (40.5) | .66c |
| Women | 522/903 (57.8) | 292/513 (56.9) | 230/390 (59.0) | 438/746 (58.7) | 216/373 (57.9) | 222/373 (59.5) | ||
| Prestroke mRS score 0-2d | 729/885 (82.4) | 411/501 (82.0) | 318/384 (82.8) | .76c | 600/732 (82.0) | 298/364 (81.9) | 302/368 (82.1) | .95c |
| Medical history | ||||||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 380/903 (42.1) | 251/513 (48.9) | 129/390 (33.1) | <.001c | 305/746 (40.9) | 179/373 (48.0) | 126/373 (33.8) | <.001c |
| Arterial hypertension | 716/903 (79.3) | 409/513 (79.7) | 307/390 (78.7) | .92c | 594/746 (79.6) | 297/373 (79.6) | 297/373 (79.6) | .61c |
| Diabetes | 197/903 (21.8) | 128/513 (25.0) | 69/390 (17.7) | .03c | 158/746 (21.2) | 90/373 (24.1) | 68/373 (18.2) | .13c |
| Dyslipidemia | 340/903 (37.7) | 198/513 (38.6) | 142/390 (36.4) | .76c | 285/746 (38.2) | 147/373 (39.4) | 138/373 (37.0) | .73c |
| Anticoagulant treatment | 123/903 (13.6) | 100/513 (19.5) | 23/390 (5.9) | <.001c | 94/746 (12.6) | 71/373 (19.0) | 23/373 (6.2) | <.001c |
| Etiology of stroke | ||||||||
| Large-artery atherosclerosis | 196/903 (21.7) | 102/513 (19.9) | 94/390 (24.1) | .03c | 165/746 (22.1) | 75/373 (20.1) | 90/373 (24.1) | .15c |
| Cardioembolism | 461/903 (51.1) | 283/513 (55.2) | 178/390 (45.6) | 373/746 (50.0) | 201/373 (53.9) | 172/373 (46.1) | ||
| Dissection | 10/903 (1.1) | 4/513 (0.8) | 6/390 (1.5) | 6/746 (0.8) | 2/373 (0.5) | 4/373 (1.1) | ||
| Stroke of other determined etiology | 51/903 (5.6) | 31/513 (6.0) | 20/390 (5.1) | 39/746 (5.2) | 22/373 (5.9) | 17/373 (4.6) | ||
| Stroke of undetermined etiology | 185/903 (20.5) | 93/513 (18.1) | 92/390 (23.6) | 163/746 (21.8) | 73/373 (19.6) | 90/373 (24.1) | ||
| Admission NIHSS score,e median (IQR) | 15 (10-19) | 15 (10-19) | 15 (9-18) | .41b | 15 (9-18) | 15 (9-19) | 15 (9-18) | .95b |
| Imaging characteristics | ||||||||
| Occlusion site | ||||||||
| ICA | 170/903 (18.8) | 89/513 (17.3) | 81/390 (20.8) | .42c | 143/746 (19.2) | 65/373 (17.4) | 78/373 (20.9) | .46c |
| MCA M1 | 451/903 (49.9) | 262/513 (51.1) | 189/390 (48.5) | 358/746 (48.0) | 181/373 (48.5) | 177/373 (47.5) | ||
| MCA M2 | 282/903 (31.2) | 162/513 (31.6) | 120/390 (30.8) | 245/746 (32.8) | 127/373 (34.0) | 118/373 (31.6) | ||
| Baseline ASPECTS,f median (IQR) | 8 (7-10) | 8 (7-10) | 9 (7-10) | <.001b | 9 (7-10) | 9 (7-10) | 9 (7-10) | .55b |
| Workflow times | ||||||||
| Stroke onset to admission, median (IQR), min | 122 (57-210) | 117 (57-240) | 129 (56-197) | .27b | 122 (57-206) | 107 (57-223) | 130 (57-198) | .79b |
| Missing data, No. | 413 | 304 | 109 | NA | 323 | 217 | 106 | NA |
| Stroke onset to groin, median (IQR), min | 210 (148-282) | 210 (145-320) | 210 (150-275) | .75b | 210 (150-282) | 200 (145-314) | 214 (152-276) | .84b |
| Missing data, No. | 430 | 311 | 119 | NA | 337 | 222 | 115 | NA |
| Treatment characteristics | ||||||||
| Administration of IVT | 390/903 (43.2) | 0/513 | 390/390 (100.0) | NA | 373/746 (50.0) | 0/373 | 373/373 (100.0) | NA |
| General anesthesia | 592/903 (65.6) | 349/513 (68.0) | 243/390 (62.3) | .07c | 487/746 (65.3) | 252/373 (67.6) | 235/373 (63.0) | .19c |
| Final mTICI gradeg | ||||||||
| 0 | 471/903 (52.2) | 274/513 (53.4) | 197/390 (50.5) | .61c | 384/746 (51.5) | 194/373 (52.0) | 190/373 (50.9) | .93c |
| 1 | 117/903 (13.0) | 67/513 (13.1) | 50/390 (12.8) | 97/746 (13.0) | 49/373 (13.1) | 48/373 (12.9) | ||
| 2a | 315/903 (34.9) | 172/513 (33.5) | 143/390 (36.7) | 265/746 (35.5) | 130/373 (34.9) | 135/373 (36.2) | ||
Abbreviations: ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; ICA, internal carotid artery; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; MCA, middle cerebral artery; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; MT, mechanical thrombectomy; mTICI, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; NA, not applicable; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as No./total No. (%) of patients. Percentages have been rounded and may not total 100.
Compared between MT and IVT plus MT groups using Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables.
Compared between MT and IVT plus MT groups using χ2 test for categorical variables.
Scores range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating greater disability.
Scores range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating worse neurologic deficits.
Scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating larger infarction.
Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher grades indicating increased reperfusion.