Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Overall cohort (n = 657) | No obstructive CAD (n = 516) | Obstructive CAD (n = 141) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 58.06 ± 18.04 | 55.62 ± 18.57 | 67.0 ± 12.38 | <0.0001 |
| Male | 349 (53.12) | 259 (50.19) | 90 (63.83) | 0.0040 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Troponin initial (ng/L) | 6.0 (6.0–19.0) | 6.0 (6.0–11.0) | 19.0 (6.0–215.0) | <0.0001 |
| Troponin initial (ng/L) positive | 129 (19.6) | 72 (14.0) | 57 (40.4) | <0.0001 |
| CK (U/L) | 105.0 (67.0–153.0) | 102.5 (67.0–148.0) | 117.0 (85.0–173.0) | 0.0237 |
| Myoglobin (µg/dL) | 54.0 (37.0–82.0) | 49.0 (35.0–76.0) | 76.0 (46.0–109.0) | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 180.69 ± 51.32 | 181.3 ± 48.72 | 179.8 ± 54.97 | 0.7995 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 121.48 ± 47.69 | 121.6 ± 46.33 | 121.3 ± 49.58 | 0.9602 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 48.09 ± 17.02 | 50.36 ± 16.97 | 45.1 ± 16.69 | 0.0095 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 123 (95–186) | 119.0 (89.0–182.0) | 129.0 (103.0–188.0) | 0.0924 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.96 (0.83–1.1) | 0.95 (0.82–1.09) | 0.98 (0.85–1.14) | 0.1277 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| BMI (kg/m²) | 27.3 ± 5.1 | 27.3 (26.8–27.7) | 27.6 (26.9–28.4) | 0.3996 |
| Current smoking | 175 (26.64) | 132 (25.58) | 43 (30.5) | 0.1869 |
| Diabetes | 102 (15.53) | 70 (13.57) | 32 (22.7) | 0.0080 |
| Family history of CAD | 136 (20.7) | 101 (19.57) | 35 (24.82) | 0.1728 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 190 (28.96) | 126 (24.47) | 64 (45.39) | <0.0001 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| NSTEMI | 144 (21.9) | 82 (15.9) | 62 (44.0) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.62 ± 19.27 | 134.7 ± 19.39 | 139.1 ± 18.44 | 0.0140 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.26 ± 13.91 | 81.36 ± 13.98 | 80.89 ± 13.67 | 0.7191 |
| Killip class I | 628 (95.59) | 498 (96.51) | 130 (92.2) | 0.0271 |
| Killip class II | 29 (4.41) | 18 (3.49) | 11 (7.8) | |
| Killip class III | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Complementary prior medication | ||||
| Aspirin | 93 (14.16) | 65 (12.6) | 28 (19.86) | 0.0284 |
| P2Y12 antagonist | 13 (1.98) | 8 (1.55) | 5 (3.55) | 0.1316 |
| Antidiabetic | 75 (11.42) | 50 (9.69) | 25 (17.73) | 0.0078 |
| Antihypertensive | 363 (55.25) | 266 (51.55) | 97 (68.79) | 0.0003 |
| Lipid-lowering | 117 (17.81) | 73 (14.15) | 44 (31.21) | <0.0001 |
| ECG | ||||
| LBBB | 18 (2.74) | 15 (2.91) | 3 (2.13) | 0.6132 |
| ST-segment derivation | 11 (1.67) | 6 (1.16) | 5 (3.55) | 0.051 |
Values are mean ± SD, median (IQR), or n (%).
CAD, coronary artery disease; CK, creatinine kinase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; ECG, electrocardiogram; LBBB, left bundle branch block.