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. 2023 Apr 2;15(4):e37031. doi: 10.7759/cureus.37031

Table 1. Summary of included studies.

PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorder, MDD: major depressive disorder, GAD: general anxiety disorder, PTSS: post-traumatic stress symptoms

Study Study design Location Event Year of Event Time point Measured (month) Outcomes Assessed N
Munro et al 2017 [19] Cross-Sectional England Flood 2013-14 12 Depression, Anxiety, PTSD 605
Jermacane et al 2018 [20] Cohort England Flood 2013-14 24 Anxiety, Depression, PTSD 988
Graham et al 2019 [21] Cross-Sectional England Flood 2013-14 6 Depression, Anxiety, Obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder; Phobias, PTSD, Suicide ideation. 7525
Mason et al 2010 [22] Cross-Sectional England Flood   6 Depression, Anxiety; PTSD. 444
Kar et al 2004 [23] Cross Sectional India Storm, super-cyclone 1999 5 PTSD, Anxiety, Depression 540
Paranjothy et al 2011 [24]   South Yorkshire and Worcestershire   Flood   2007   6 psychological distress, anxiety, depression, PTSD 2113
Tunstall et al 2006 [25] Cross-Sectional England and Wales   Flood   1998 60 Anxiety, Depression, PTS, Psychological distress, Suicide ideation 982
Reacher et al 2004 [26] Cohort Study Lewes Flood  2000 9 Psychological distress 321
Caldera et al. 2001 [27] Cross Sectional Nicaragua Storm, Hurricane Mitch 1998 6 PTSD 496
Huang et al. 2010 [28] Cross Sectional China Flood 1998 24 PTSD 25478
Kar & Bastia 2006 [29] Cross Sectional India Storm, super-cyclone 1999 14 PTSD, MDD, GAD 108
Kar et al. 2007 [30] Cross Sectional India Storm, super-cyclone 1999 12 PTSD 447
Kohn et al. 2005 [31] Cross Sectional Honduras Storm, Hurricane Mitch 1998 2 PTSD, Depression 800
Norris et al. 2006 [32] Cross Sectional Mexico Flood due to storm 1999 6 PTSD 666
Wu et al. 2011 [33] Cross Sectional China Storm, snowstorm 2008 3 PTSD 968
Amstadter et al. 2009 [34] Cohort Vietnam Storm, Typhoon 2006 3 PTSD, MDD, GAD 797
Patrick & Patrick 1981 [35] Cross Sectional Sri Lanka Storm, cyclone 1978 1 Anxiety, Depression 171
Goenjian et al. 2001 [36] Cross Sectional Nicaragua Storm, Hurricane Mitch 1998 6 PTSD, Depression 158
Honda et al., 2019 [37] Longitudinal studies Japan Earthquake 2011 24-36 PTSD 314
Kino et al., 2021 [38] longitudinal cohort Japan Tsunami,  Earthquake 2011 36 Depression  PTSS 4010
Schwind et al., 2018 [39] Cross‑ sectional Nepal Earthquake 2015 12 Depression, PTSD, 62
Valladares-Garrido et al., 2022 [40] Cross-Sectional Peru Earthquake 2021 1-2 Depressive and Anxiety 177