Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.

ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome

Author Name	Year	Region	Study Design	Groups	Sample Size	ARDS (%)
Iriyama et al. [11]	2020	Japan	Retrospective	ARDS	85	14.31
				No-ARDS	509
Li et al. [12]	2021	China	Prospective	ARDS	41	27.33
				No-ARDS	109
Mikkelsen et al. [13]	2013	United States	Retrospective	ARDS	48	6.17
				No-ARDS	730
Nam et al. [14]	2019	South Korea	Retrospective	ARDS	22	17.60
				No-ARDS	103
Seethala et al. [15]	2017	United States	Prospective	ARDS	156	6.16
				No-ARDS	2378
Shi et al. [16]	2022	China	Retrospective	ARDS	179	33.84
				No-ARDS	350