Extended Data Fig. 3. Associations between cerebrospinal fluid soluble ST2 levels and Alzheimer’s disease and amyloid-beta depositions in the UKBBN cohort, stratified by sex.

(a) Individual cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble ST2 (sST2) levels stratified by sex and disease phenotype (n = 4 male healthy controls [HCs], n = 36 male individuals with Alzheimer’s disease [AD], n = 7 female HCs, n = 39 female individuals with AD). Test for effects of sex: β = −1.307 and −0.675 in HCs and individuals with AD, respectively; test for effects of AD: β = 4.019 and 7.766 in males and females, respectively. Data are presented as box-and-whisker plots including maximum, 75^th percentile, median, 25^th percentile, and minimum values; plus signs (+) denote corresponding mean values. Linear regression test, adjusted for age and postmortem duration (PMD), with multiple testing correction; *FDR < 0.05. (b) Associations between amyloid-beta (Aβ) staining in the postmortem frontal cortex and CSF sST2 levels in male and female individuals with AD (n = 23 males and 28 females in the UKBBN cohort, respectively). The regression lines and 95% confidence intervals are indicated in red/blue and gray, respectively. Linear regression test, adjusted for age and PMD, with multiple testing correction. Test in males: β = 0.0256, Pearson’s r² = 0.0024, FDR = 0.7866; test in females: β = 0.2188, Pearson’s r² = 0.1053, FDR = 0.0407. FDR, false discovery rate.