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. 2023 Mar 3;30(5):1334–1348. doi: 10.1038/s41418-023-01142-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Representative photographs (a, b) and quantification (c) of HOXC13-AS FISH in keratinocytes transfected with HOXC13-AS siRNA pool or nontargeting control (siCtl) (a), pcDNA-HOXC13-AS or empty vector (b) (n = 3). Cell nuclei were co-stained with DAPI. Scale bar = 20 μm. d Microarray analysis of differentiated keratinocytes transfected with HOXC13-AS siRNA pool or siCtl. Heatmap (left panel) illustrates the differentially expressed genes (DEGs, |Fold change| ≥ 2, FDR < 0.05). GO analysis of the DEGs is shown in the middle panel. The DEGs associated with the GO terms are shown in the heatmap (right panel). e Their expression correlation with HOXC13-AS in the skin and wound biopsies and isolated epidermal cells analyzed by RNA-seq. f GSEA evaluated enrichment for the keratinocyte differentiation-related genes (GO:0030216) in the microarray data. NES normalized enrichment score. QRT-PCR analysis of KRT10, FLG and IVL expression in differentiated keratinocytes transfected with HOXC13-AS siRNA pool (g) or pcDNA-HOXC13-AS (h) compared to respective controls (n = 4). QRT-PCR analysis of cytokine expression in differentiated keratinocytes transfected with HOXC13-AS siRNA pool (i) or pcDNA-HOXC13-AS (j) compared to respective controls (n = 4). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test (c, g–j), or Pearson’s correlation test (e). Data are presented as mean ± SD.