TABLE 2.
Summary of in situ hybridization staining of interferon stimulated genes in the brains of ADAR1 mutant mice
| ISG15 | CXCL10 | CCL5 | OASL1 | OASL2 | IRF7 | ifih1/MDA5 | ifit1 | STAT1 | IFNb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurons | Frequent foci | − | − | Rare foci | Occasional foci | − | Rare foci | Occasional foci | Most neurons | − |
| Astrocytes | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | Moderate in some cells | − |
| Oligodendroglia | Occasional cells weak | ‐ | − | − | − | − | − | − | Moderate in some cells | − |
| Ependyma epithelium | Strong most cells | ~50%–75% of cells | Interdigitating cells | Interdigitating cells | Strong most cells | Strong most cells | Moderate most cells | Moderate most cells | Strong most cells | − |
| Endothelia and perithelial cells a | + | − | + | + | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | − |
| Microglial nodules | − | +++ | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Choroid plexus | Strong most cells | Interdigitating cells | Interdigitating cells | Interdigitating cells | strong most cells | Interdigitating cells | Moderate most cells | − | Strong most cells | − |
a
Given spatial proximity of perivascular microglia and endothelial cells, distinguishing these elements in capillaries of brain even with double label ISH is difficult (see Section 3).