Figure 1.

IRF3 activation of cGAS-STING pathway. dsDNA is recognized and combined by cGAS, resulting in the conformational change and dimerization of cGAS and the generation of cGAMP. When cGAMP is combined with the STING pocket structure, the STING dimer rotates 180°relative to the transmembrane helmets, which is beneficial to the oligomerization of the STING dimer and the promotion of the trans-phosphorylation of TBK1. Active TBK1 generates the docking site of IRF3 by phosphorylating the S366 site of STING. Then, active TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3, promotes IRF3 dimerization, and makes IRF3 obtain transcriptional activity.