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. 2023 Apr 19;14:1177722. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177722

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Copyright © 2023 Solé, Parras, Yamanouchi, Garnica, Garabatos, Moro, Montaño, Mondal, Fandos, Yang, Serra and Santamaria

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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pMHCII-NP-induced TR1-like cell formation in pre-diabetic NOD mice in vivo. (A) Cognate tetramer staining profiles of splenic CD4+ T cells from NOD mice treated with NPs coated with pMHCIIs displaying the InsB_12-20-CT-R1 epitope. Left panel, Cys-NP (control)-treated mice; Right panel, pMHCII-NP-treated mice. The average ± SEM values shown on top of each plot correspond to the percentages of Tet+ cells within the CD4+B220– gate (n=6 and 3 mice/NP type, respectively). (B) Flow cytometry staining profiles and average ± SEM mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) staining values for PD-1, ICOS and LAG-3 on tetramer+ versus tetramer– splenocytes. *, P<0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). (C) Correlation between the levels of gene expression among tetramer+ cells isolated from mice treated with InsB_12-20-CT-R1/IA^g7-NP, InsB_13-21-R2/IA^g7-NP, InsB_10-23-CT-R3/IA^g7-NP and BDC2.5mi/IA^g7-NP as compared to tetramer– cells (Tconv control) purified from InsB_12-20-CT-R1/IA^g7-NP-treated mice. The P value refers to the Pearson correlation coefficient for each comparison.