TABLE 4.
Univariate analysis of 5‐year relapse‐free survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cases by Cox proportional hazards model
| Parameters | Number | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General background | ||||
| Age (≥60 years/<60 years) | 351/61 | 1.42 | 0.96–2.09 | 0.0660 |
| Sex (male/female) | 351/61 | 0.74 | 0.53–1.03 | 0.0860 |
| Hepatitis virus infection (HB, HC/non‐B non‐C) | 160/252 | 1.25 | 0.95–1.63 | 0.1010 |
| Child–Pugh classification (B/A) | 14/398 | 1.51 | 0.80–2.85 | 0.2300 |
| Tumor factor | ||||
| Tumor number (>2/1) | 134/278 | 2.48 | 1.91–3.23 | <0.0001 |
| Tumor size (≥5 cm/<5 cm) | 176/236 | 1.79 | 1.39–2.31 | <0.0001 |
| Histology (poor/well or moderate) | 61/351 | 1.26 | 0.89–1.78 | 0.2060 |
| Lymph node metastasis (positive/negative) | 4/408 | 4.60 | 1.46–14.48 | 0.0360 |
| Vascular invasion (positive/negative) | 155/257 | 1.96 | 1.52–2.54 | <0.0001 |
| Capsular formation (positive/negative) | 351/59 | 1.04 | 0.72–1.51 | 0.8410 |
| Capsular invasion (positive/negative) | 284/123 | 1.41 | 1.06–1.89 | 0.0170 |
| UICC stage (IIIA–IVA/IA–II) | 113/299 | 2.32 | 1.77–3.04 | <0.0001 |
| DKK1/CKAP4 expression | ||||
| DKK1+/CKAP4+ vs. DKK1 − CKAP4− | 55/159 | 2.58 | 1.78–3.73 | <0.0001 |
| DKK1+/CKAP4+ vs. DKK1 + CKAP4− | 55/162 | 2.76 | 1.91–4.00 | <0.0001 |
| DKK1+/CKAP4+ vs. DKK1 − CKAP4+ | 55/36 | 4.02 | 2.25–7.18 | <0.0001 |
Note: p values ≤0.05 are statistically significant.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CKAP4, cytoskeleton‐associated protein 4; DKK1, Dickkopf‐1; HB, hepatitis B; HC, hepatitis C; non‐B non‐C, non‐hepatitis B and non‐hepatitis C; HR, hazard ratio.