Table 1.
Participant characteristics by symptomsa of depression and anxiety and e-cigarette use (TATAMS; Spring 2019; n=2,307)
| Total sample | No symptoms | Comorbidity | Depressionb | Anxietyc | P valued | Past 30-day E-cig use with Nicotine | P valued | Past 30-day E-cig use with THC | P valued | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Total | 2307 (100) | 1673 (72.5) | 340 (14.7) | 183 (7.9) | 108 (4.7) | 239 (10.4) | 238 (10.3 | |||
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.615 | |||||||
| Hispanic | 875 (37.9) | 610 (69.8) | 156 (17.8) | 77 (8.8) | 31 (3.5) | 66 (7.5) | 96 (11.0) | |||
| White | 710 (30.8) | 533 (75.2) | 93 (13.1) | 41 (5.6) | 43 (6.1) | 125 (17.6) | 70 (9.9) | |||
| Black | 344 (14.9) | 255 (74.1) | 46 (13.4) | 27 (7.8) | 16 (4.7) | 9 (2.6) | 30 (8.7) | |||
| Othere | 378 (16.4) | 275 (72.9) | 45 (11.9) | 39 (10.3) | 18 (4.8) | 39 (10.3) | 42 (11.1) | |||
| Gender | <0.001 | 0.040 | 0.862 | |||||||
| Female | 1340 (58.1) | 889 (66.4) | 258 (19.3) | 109 (8.1) | 82 (6.1) | 124 (9.3) | 137 (10.2) | |||
| Male | 967 (41.9) | 784 (81.2) | 82 (8.5) | 74 (7.7) | 26 (2.7) | 115 (11.9) | 101 (10.5) | |||
| Grade | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.105 | |||||||
| 10th | 652 (28.3) | 481 (73.9) | 95 (14.6) | 44 (6.8) | 31 (4.8) | 44 (6.8) | 56 (8.6) | |||
| 12th | 781 (33.9) | 586 (75.1) | 92 (11.8) | 58 (7.4) | 44 (5.6) | 89 (11.4) | 78 (10.0) | |||
| 2 years post high school | 874 (37.9) | 606 (69.4) | 153 (17.5) | 81 (9.3) | 33 (3.8) | 106 (12.1) | 104 (11.9) | |||
| SES | <0.001 | 0.186 | 0.012 | |||||||
| Middle-High | 1734 (75.2) | 1320 (76.2) | 209 (12.1) | 125 (7.2) | 79 (4.6) | 188 (10.8) | 163 (9.4) | |||
| Low | 573 (24.8) | 353 (61.8) | 131 (22.9) | 58 (10.2) | 29 (5.1) | 51 (8.9) | 75 (13.1) | |||
| Marijuana Use | ||||||||||
| Lifetime | 1040 (45.1) | 697 (67.0) | 187 (18.0) | 108 (10.4) | 48 (4.6) | <0.001 | 199 (19.1) | <0.001 | 219 (21.1) | <0.001 |
| Past 30-day | 528 (22.9) | 350 (66.3) | 96 (18.2) | 59 (11.2) | 23 (4.4) | <0.001 | 129 (24.4) | <0.001 | 169 (32.0) | <0.001 |
| Tobacco Use | ||||||||||
| Lifetime | 1142 (49.5) | 794 (69.6) | 195 (17.1) | 105 (9.2) | 47 (4.1) | <0.001 | 228 (20.0) | <0.001 | 204 (17.9) | <0.001 |
| Past 30-day | 420 (18.2) | 275 (65.6) | 88 (21.0) | 39 (9.3) | 108 (4.1) | <0.001 | 167 (39.8) | <0.001 | 110 (26.2) | <0.001 |
| Past 30-day alcohol use | 794 (34.5) | 527 (66.4) | 146 (18.4) | 79 (7.9) | 42 (4.7) | <0.001 | 160 (20.5) | <0.001 | 165 (20.8) | <0.001 |
“Symptoms of depression and anxiety” is used rather than “depression and anxiety” as neither disorder can be diagnosed based on results of the screening tests used in the online survey; rather the survey measures the presence of symptoms.
Symptoms of depression measured using the PHQ-9, with scores ≥10 indicating a positive screen for depression symptoms.
Symptoms of anxiety measured using the GAD-7, with scores ≥10 indicating a positive screen for anxiety symptoms.
(Unadjusted) Chi-square tests used to examine differences in baseline characteristics by baseline mental health symptoms and by follow-up e-cigarette use.
The “other” group is heterogeneous; it includes Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN), Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (NHOPI), among other racial identities.
Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).