Table 4.
Associations between symptoms of anxiety and depression and past 30-day e-cigarette use, stratified by grade level
| E-cigarette use with nicotine at 12-month follow-up | E-cigarette use with THC at 12-month follow-up | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th grade | 12th grade | 2 years post high school | 10th grade | 12th grade | 2 years post high school | |
| AORa (95% CI) | AORa (95% CI) | AORa (95% CI) | AORb (95% CI) | AORb (95% CI) | AORb (95% CI) | |
| Total n | n=652 | n=781 | n=874 | n=652 | n=781 | n=874 |
| Comorbidityd | 2.10 (0.86, 5.13) | 1.73 (0.89, 3.36) | 1.25 (0.67, 2.33) | 0.87 (0.34, 2.19) | 1.76 (0.87, 3.58) | 1.69 (0.98, 2.90) |
| Depressione | 1.56 (0.69, 3.53) | 1.53 (0.85, 2.75) | 1.11 (0.65, 1.90) | 0.93 (0.42, 2.03) | 2.04* (1.13, 3.69) | 1.66* (1.03, 2.66) |
| Anxietyf | 2.24 (0.99, 5.03) | 1.86* (1.02, 3.38) | 1.26 (0.71, 2.24) | 0.73 (0.32, 1.69) | 1.48 (0.77, 2.84) | 1.30 (0.77, 2.19) |
Adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, SES, and Wave 9 (baseline) past 30-day use of e-cigarettes with nicotine, marijuana in any form, alcohol, and combustible tobacco.
Adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, SES, and Wave 9 (baseline) past 30-day use of e-cigarettes with THC, marijuana in any other form, alcohol, and combustible tobacco.
Adjusted for grade level, race/ethnicity, SES, and Wave 9 (baseline) past 30-day use of e-cigarette with nicotine, e-cigarettes with THC, marijuana in any other form, alcohol, and combustible tobacco.
Comorbidity is symptoms of depression and anxiety present at Wave 9 (baseline).
Symptoms of depression measured at Wave 9 (baseline) using the PHQ-9, with scores ≥10 indicating a positive screen for depression symptoms.
Symptoms of anxiety measured at Wave 9 (baseline) using the GAD-7, with scores ≥10 indicating a positive screen for anxiety symptoms.
Boldface indicates statistical significance (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001).
Referent group is no symptoms of anxiety or depression.
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.